Chapters 1 Introduction To Chemistry.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapters 1 Introduction To Chemistry

CHAPTER OUTLINE What is Chemistry Changes in Matter Scientific Method

WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? Gas: air, oxygen Liquid: Materials of the universe can be of several forms: Chemistry is the science that deals with the materials of the universe, and the changes they undergo. Gas: air, oxygen Liquid: water, gasoline, vinegar, orange juice Solid: rock, charcoal, table salt, sugar, wood

CHANGES IN MATTER Burning of charcoal charcoal + oxygen  carbon dioxide Burning of gasoline Gasoline + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water +  +

CHANGES IN MATTER Fermentation of grape juice glucose  ethyl alcohol +carbon dioxide Souring of wine Ethyl alcohol + oxygen  acetic acid +  isopropyl alcohol

SCIENTIFIC METHOD The scientific method is a process of creative thinking and testing aimed at objective and verifiable discoveries. It is generally composed of the following steps:

SCIENTIFIC METHOD NATURAL LAW OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT MODEL Observations concurred by many. OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS Facts that our ideas must explain Scientific guess or proposal that explains observations Conceptual assumptions that explain data from experiments. EXPERIMENT Procedure to test hypothesis. Measures one variable at a time Predicts related phenomena MODEL (THEORY)

SCIENTIFIC METHOD OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT MODEL (THEORY) Theory modified if additional experiments do not support it HYPOTHESIS Hypothesis is changed if experiments do not support it. EXPERIMENT MODEL (THEORY)

Success as a Beginning Chemist You must be curious and imaginative. Be willing to do calculations. Be committed to learning the material. Do your homework.

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