Old Testament Introduction Canon & Text. What is the “Old Testament”?

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Presentation transcript:

Old Testament Introduction Canon & Text

What is the “Old Testament”?

Canon Cannon?

Hebrew Canon

Canon Chart JUDAISM LawProphetsWritings GenesisJoshuaPsalms ExodusJudgesProverbs LeviticusSamuelJob NumbersKings Song of Songs DeuteronomyThe TwelveRuth IsaiahLamentations JeremiahEcclesiastes EzekielEsther Daniel Ezra- Nehemiah Chronicles

Hebrew Canon

Josiah—2 Kings 22 –“Book of the Law” Exile

Hebrew Canon Ezra— Authoritative Torah!= Judaism

Hebrew Canon Dead Sea Scrolls

Hebrew Canon Dead Sea Scrolls –Biblical Texts –Pesharim –Sectarian Texts –Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha

Hebrew Canon New Testament –Most quoted OT book? –Non-biblical book quoted?

Hebrew Canon Early Judaism –Main debate? –22 or 24 book canon? Early Church –Jerome –Augustine

Hebrew Canon 39 Books (Today order) 22 [8], 24 (Josephus, 22, Jerome accounting 24) [8] Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers Deuteronomy 5Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy 5 Joshua, Judges, I Samuel, II Samuel, I Kings, II Kings 6Joshua, Judges, Samuel (I & II), Kings (I & II) 4 Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi 15Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, the 12 Minor Prophets 4 Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, I Chronicles, II Chronicles 13Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra-Nehemiah, Chronicles (I & II) 11 Total Books39 24

Canon Chart

Scripture isn’t Scripture until …Scripture isn’t Scripture until … Someone says it is!Someone says it is!

Text and Language of the Old Testament

Text and Language Masoretic Text— Hebrew

Text and Language Aramaic – אַרעָא or הָאָרֶץ

Text and Language Greek— Septuagint

Development of OT Text CE “Original” Plurality (DSS) Uniformity (MT) Septuagint Church?