Vocab. For Today 1.Steerage: cheap and crowded lower area of a ship that poor European passengers came to the US in. 2.Ellis Island: place of processing and entry in NY for European immigrants

1960

Immigration to US, 1850s-1920s.

Why did they come? For Europeans Jews of Eastern Europe For the Chinese For the Chinese - fleeing political unrest Boxer Rebellion, China increase in population - Leaving religious discrimination - Not much land and few jobs

Most Euro’s came by steamship in steerage

On the East coast immigrants went through… Ellis Island, NY

Inside… Immigrants: Mostly from Southern & Eastern Europe Ellis Island, NY

After Registration…Inspection Medical Examination Examination of legal documents

Total processing time: 5-6 hours 12,000,000 pass through 2% rejected & sent home (250,000) leaving Ellis island

Question Time Where was Ellis Island? What was Ellis Island? Where did the immigrants at Ellis Island come from? What is their experience coming to the U.S. like?

Vocab. Time! Angel Island: place of processing and entry for Asian immigrants (Japan & China) Exclusion: to be kept out Ban: to not allow

Angel Island, San Francisco, CA Immigration Station barracks Asian Immigrants, mostly from Japan (fleeing war) and China

Angel Island’s Mission Angel Island was largely set up to stop illegal Chinese immigration Why? In 1882 Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act banned the entry of all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials

Potential immigrants were … given medical exams, were questioned harshly, and held for extended periods

Please answer the following questions Where was Ellis Island? What was Ellis Island? Where did the immigrants at Ellis Island come from? What is their experience coming to the U.S. like?

Vocab. Nativism: the belief that no more immigrants should be allowed into the U.S. Segregation: to separate people (by race, sex, etc.)

Backlash to Immigration Ideal was the “melting pot ”

a vast migration from Catholic, Jewish, Italian, and Slavic parts of Europe new immigrants living together in large, non- English speaking communities Some feared for America’s safety and culture

Rise of Nativism political ideas and belief favoring native-born Americans (Protestant, N. or W. Euro.) no more immigrants should be allowed into the U.S.

02/08/1879 “Every Dog” (No Distinction of Color) “Has His Day.” RED GENTLEMAN TO YELLOW GENTLEMAN, “Pale face ‘fraid you crowd him out, as he did me.”

Gentlemen’s Agreement Japan angered by anti-Japanese school segregation in San Francisco President Theodore Roosevelt comes to a “gentlemen’s agreement” with Japanese Japan quietly discourages emigration of unskilled workers and San Francisco repeals the segregation order

1919 CLOSE THE GATE. - Orr in the Chicago Tribune

And in 1915…the re-birth of the KKK Membership limited to white, native-born, Protestant men Extremely anti- Catholic, anti- Semitic, anti- black, anti- immigrant

How are they viewed by Americans?

Michael Ramirez, 2002