Data Changes from GOES- 12/NOP Imagers Timothy J. Schmit NOAA/NESDIS/STAR (formerly ORA) SaTellite Applications and Research (STAR) Advanced Satellite Products Team (ASPT) in collaboration with the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) Madison, WI UW-Madison Satellite Direct Readout Users Conference for the Americas 12 December 2002

Data Changes from GOES-12/NOP Imagers X-ray image of the Sun was taken by the SXI instrument onboard GOES-12 GOES-12 Imager Changes - Spectral - Spatial GOES-N/O/P Changes - Less outages

Spectral ranges for the GOES-8/11 (top bars) and GOES-12+ (bottom bars) Imagers. sample high spectral-resolution earth emitted spectra

GOES Imager bands

GOES Imager 6.7 um vs 6.5 um

GOES Imager Bands 4, 5, 6

GOES-8 Imager data -- native perspective

GOES-12 Imager data -- native perspective

GOES-12 Imager comparisons After accounting for spectral response differences, the imager brightness temperatures are similar to those from operational satellites. The improved spatial resolution on the water vapor images from GOES-12 are evident (4 km detectors, as opposed to the 8 km detectors).

GOES-8/12 Imager comparisons

GOES-12 GOES-10 Both water vapor images are shown in their native projections.

The GOES-12/10/08 weighting functions calculated from the 19 September 00UTC Albuquerque NM rawinsonde profile, the theoretical water vapor channel brightness temperatures should have been about 3.5 degrees warmer on GOES-12 than on GOES-10/08. Average satellite brightness temperatures measured over the mountain wave signature region were about 3 degrees K warmer on GOES-12 than on GOES-10/08.

GOES-12 Imager -- Visible

GOES-12 Imager -- IR window

GOES-12 Imager µm

GOES-12 Imager -- Cloud Top Pressure

GOES-12 Sounder -- Cloud Top Pressure

Expected product changes Note: Most GOES Imager data or products are not affected by these changes (most imagery, infrared-only products, visible products, etc).

Expected product changes

GOES Imager spatial resolution characteristics. (GOES-8/11 values are from Menzel and Purdom 1994)

Limitations of Current GOES Imagers –Regional/Hemispheric scan conflicts –Low spatial resolution –Missing spectral bands –Eclipse and related outages GOES-N/O/P will supply data through the eclipse periods. The spacecraft batteries are specified to be large enough to run through eclipse. Shields have been added to the secondary mirror spiders.

Outages due to Eclipse and the Keep-Out-Zone GOES-8 (~3 hours of data outage) No data ! GOES-N+ (~0 hours of data outage)

GOES-O – improved spatial resolution of the 13.3 um band. 4 km 1 km 8 km 2 km

More information: NWA article: Schmit, T. J., E. M. Prins, A. J. Schreiner, and J. J. Gurka, 2001: Introducing the GOES-M imager. Volume 25, Nos 3,4, Nat. Wea. Assoc. Digest. GOES-12 web pages GOES spectral response functions and GOES-M changes: COMET page on GOES channels: SXI and space weather: GOES-12 Imager VISITview session (and a NOAA Technical Memo) are being developed.