Kingdom Plantae

Characteristics of All Plants

Kingdom Plantae Non-Vascular (Bryophytes) MossesHornwortsLiverworts Vascular (Tracheophytes) SeedlessSeedAngiospermsGymnosperms

Vascular vs. Non-Vascular Non-Vascular Water habitats (needed for reproduction) No internal transport systems Live close to ground Examples: mosses, liverworts, hornworts Vascular Terrestrial plants (most don’t depend on H20 for PS) Able to transport nutrients via transport system Vascular system provides support enabling them to grow larger Examples: ferns, herbs, shrubs, trees, flowering plants

Vascular are divided into two groups… Seedless Plants Reproduce by spores Need water for reproduction E.g. Ferns Seed Plants Reproduce by seeds Adaptation for terrestrial life E.g. Flowering plants, trees, crops

“naked” Cones are reproductive structure Male cone = pollen Female cone = ovule Thin needle-like leaves covered with a waxy cuticle (adaptation for hot/dry summer and cold winters) E.g. Pine, spruce, junipers, fir Gymnosperms Seed plants are divided into two groups… “vessel” >250, 000 different kinds Success of angiosperms due to insect/flower relationship Seed is contained within a “vessel” called a fruit E.g. crops, deciduous trees, flowering plants Angiosperms

Seed plants are divided into two groups… Research the difference between these two groups. Include: – Examples – Number of cotyledons – Number of seed leaves – Arrangement of vascular bundles – Type of veination on leaves – Arrangement of floral parts

To do… Dissect a corn seed and a bean seed Label the following parts: seed coat, endosperm, cotelydon(s), hypocotyl, epicotyl Determine whether each seed is a monocot or dicot and why you think so.