Renewable Energy Around the World Class 3 Netherlands, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal

Netherlands Population: 20 million GNI/capita: $51,060 Annual population growth rate: 0.42% People per square mile: 1062 RECAI #5 Offshore wind #1-4: UK, China, Germany, Belgium #10 Biomass #1-9: China, US, Japan, Brazil, UK, Finland, Sweden, Germany, France #13 overall

Westermeerwind

EVs in Netherlands Fastned umanned EV charging stations

BlueTec platform producing power

The platform is installed off Texel island and connected to the Dutch electricity grid. It is meant to stay there producing electricity for several years, allowing multiple turbines to be tried out, according to Bluewater. The first turbine that has been mounted to the platform is Tocardo’s T1 100 kW tidal turbine. This first BlueTEC will serve as a demonstration platform targeted at remote locations worldwide, such as islands in Indonesia, Philippines and the Pacific. BlueTec represents collaboration between Bluewater, Damen/ Niron Staal, Van Oord/Acta Marine, Tocardo, TKF, Vryhof, NIOZ, Nylacast, Schottel Hydro and Tidal Test Centre. August 5, 2015

France Population: 70 million GNI/capita: $43,520 Annual population growth rate: 0.45% People per square mile: 295 RECAI #5 Marine #1-4: Ireland, UK, South Korea, Phillipines #7 Offshore wind #1-6: UK, China, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark #8 Solar PV #1-7: China, US, Japan, Germany, India, Chile, Australia #9 Biomass #1-8: China, US, Japan, Brazil, UK, Finland, Sweden, Germany #9 Onshore wind #1-8: China, US, Germany, Canada, Brazil, India, Ireland, UK #7 overall

La Rance Tidal Barrage La Rance Barrage is the world's first tidal power station. The facility is located on the estuary of the Rance River, in Brittany, France. Opened on the 26th November 1966, it is currently operated by Électricité de France (EDF), and is the largest tidal power station in the world, in terms of installed capacity. With a peak rating of 240 Megawatts, generated by its 24 turbines, it has an annual output of approximately 600 GWh.

Average power? Revenue? 600 GWh = 600,000 MWh / 8760 hours(year) About 70 MW average flow 240 MW peak x capacity factor = 70 MW Capacity factor = 30% Pretty good! And predictable also! 600 GWh = 600,000 MWh = 600 million kWh At 10¢/kWh, revenue would be $60 million/yr

La Rance Barrage Since the construction of the barrage a new ecological equilibrium has been established in the Rance estuary and there is an abundance of fish, bird and other wild life. The mean water level in the lagoon is higher than it was before the construction which promoted an increase in boating and sailing activities.

La Rance Barrage The environment has remained healthy but there have been changes. The barrage has caused limited silting of the Rance ecosystem but this has been manageable. Sand-eels and plaice have reduced in numbers but sea bass and cuttlefish have returned to the river. The tides still flow in the estuary and the operators EDF adjusts their level to minimize the biological impact.

La Rance Barrage The La Rance tidal plant produces a source of energy that is clean, renewable and sustainable. It has no impact on climate because it does not omit any greenhouse gases. The pattern of the tides is preserved so that the impact on species living in the estuary is minimal. The operator, EDF, monitors the tides and weather forecasts to program the barrage operations on a weekly basis.

La Rance Barrage Since the construction of the barrage a new ecological equilibrium has been established in the Rance estuary and there is an abundance of fish, bird and other wild life. The mean water level in the lagoon is higher than it was before the construction which promoted an increase in boating and sailing activities.

La Rance Barrage

ITER – the WAY International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor

ITER QFNXEKRWI QFNXEKRWI

Spain Population: 50 million GNI/capita $29,940 Annual pop growth rate: 0.81% People per square mile: 236 RENCAI #10 Solar CSP #1-9: US, Chile, China, South Africa, India, Australia, Morocco, Israel, Brazil #24 Overall

CSP

PS10 Seville, Spain

Gemasolar Seville, Spain

Italy Population: 60 million GNI/capita: $35,620 Annual population growth rate: 0.30% People per square mile: 518 RECAI #7 Geothermal #1-6: US, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Phillipines, Turkey #16 Overall

Birthplace of Geothermal Electricity

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Portugal Population: 10 million GNI/capita: $21,270 Annual population growth rate: 0.12% People per square mile: 298 RECAI #7 Marine #1-6: Ireland, UK, South Korea, Phillipines, France, Canada #19 Overall

Pelamis in Portugal

Short-lived project In 2008 Pelamis tested three first generation, P1 Pelamis waves at the Agucadoura Wave Farm. Located off the northwest coast of Portugal, the farm had an installed capacity of 2.25 MW and was the world’s first multiple machine wave power project. The farm first generated electricity in July 2008 but was taken offline in November 2008 when Babcock and Brown, the owner of Enersis, the Portuguese utility responsible for the project, encountered financial difficulties.

Wind power per GDP