Antarctic Penguins
Adelie Penguin Pygoscelis adeliae Height: 70cm (27.5inches) Weight: 5kg (11lb) Breeding Season: November – February Distribution: Antarctic continent and sub-Antarctic islands. The second most southerly breeding penguin species. Estimated population: 2.5 million breeding pairs
Adelie Penguin Range
Chinstrap Penguin Pygoscelis antarctica Height: 68cm (27 inches) Weight: 4.5kg (10lb) Breeding Season: December – March Distribution: Sub Antarctic and Antarctic islands, Antarctic Peninsula Estimated population: 5 million breeding pairs
Chinstrap Penguin Range
Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri Height: 1.15m (3.8ft) Weight: 30kg (66lb) Breeding Season: April – December Distribution: Continental Antarctica on the sea-ice, the most southerly of all species of penguins Estimated population: 200,000 breeding pairs
Emperor Penguin Range
Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua Height: 71cm (28 inches) Weight: 5.5 kg (12 lb) Breeding Season: December – March Distribution: Falkland islands and south to the sub- Antarctic islands, the most northerly of the 4 Antarctic species Estimated population: 320,000 breeding pairs
Gentoo Penguin Range
King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonica Height: 95cm (3.1 ft) Weight: 15kg (33lb) Breeding Season: Starts in November or January, complex breeding system, early or late breeders - raise 2 chicks every 3 years Distribution: Sub-Antarctic islands 46° to 55° South Biggest colony is on South Georgia Estimated population: 2 to 3.2 million breeding pairs
Macaroni Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus Height: 68cm (27 inches) Weight: 4.5kg (10lb) Breeding Season: December - March Distribution: Sub-Antarctic islands especially Heard island and South Georgia Estimated population: 9 million breeding pairs Many populations are in decline
Macaroni Penguin Range
Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes crestatus Height: 55cm (21.6 inches) Weight: 2.5kg (5.5lb) Breeding Season: December – March Distribution: Falkland islands and sub-Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic convergence Estimated population: 1.8 million breeding pairs Many populations are in decline, 40% up to 94% for certain colonies