Unit 1: Introduction to World History Today’s Topic: Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) I Can: 1.Define NGO 2.Identify specific examples of NGOs 3.Analyze the goals & structure of the UN In your notes...

Definition: Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is organized around a specific goal can exist on a local, national or international level NGOs: perform a variety of service and humanitarian functions, raise awareness and monitor issues all over the world, bring citizen concerns to governments, and encourage political participation. Some are organized around specific issues, such as human rights, the environment or health issues. Many NGOs work closely with the United Nations (UN).

Other NGOs As a class, let’s brainstorm a list of NGOs that exist today. We will come back to many of them in a few days.

The United Nations (UN) Why was the UN created? The first half of the 20 th century (1900s): WWI, the Great Depression, WWII. There had been a world-wide organization, called the League of Nations, that had tried to deal with these disasters, but it failed. In 1945, the UN was created in San Francisco to replace the League of Nations. The UN headquarters can be found today in New York City. Today, there are 193 member nations in the UN. They meet regularly to discuss and act on major issues around the world. So what is the purpose of the UN really??

The Preamble to the UN Charter What is a charter? What is a preamble? DIRECTIONS: With a partner, read the preamble to the UN Charter. Discuss the meaning of the preamble and, on the provided sheet, rewrite it in your own words. (Each person must write on their own sheet.) Be prepared to share!

Supplemental Reading: The United Nations On your own, complete the provided reading on the history, goals, and structure of the UN. After reading each section of the reading, provide a “10% summary”. This means you should explain, in your own words, what the section of the text is telling you. If the original reading has 10 sentences, you may write 1 sentence as your summary. If the original reading has 100 sentences, you need to write about 10 sentences. You have the rest of class to complete the assignment. Anything not completed in class should be completed for homework. This assignment is worth 20 HW points. To earn the full 20 points, you must show real effort and thought in your summaries.

Homework Check Please take out your supplemental reading on the UN to be checked for completion. Be prepared to share your summaries! Wednesday September 9, 2015

Unit 1: Introduction to World History Today’s Topic: The United Nations In your notes...

UN: The General Assembly 193 Members Conducts business every day in New York City. All members meet every year in September. General Assembly votes on how to respond to global issues Simple majority (1/2) needed to win a vote 2/3 needed for security & budgetary issues as well as the admission of new members

UN: The Security Council The Security Council deals with major issues. All member nations are required to adhere to Security Council decisions. The council is made up of: 5 Permanent Members – USA, Russia, UK, France, China Must have a unanimous vote in order to act. 10 Elected Members (from the General Assembly) – Angola, Chad, Chile, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Spain, Venezuela Serve 2 Year Terms

UN Security Council Blue – Permanent Members Green – Elected Members

UN: The Secretariat Carries out the day-to-day responsibilities of running the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon of South Korea (since 2007)

UN: Economic & Social Council Economic & Social Council Handles funding for many issues Regional economic commissions exist (Africa, Europe, Latin America, Asia) Commissions exist on food, drugs, tech, social development, human rights, refugees

International Court of Justice Located at The Hague in the Netherlands Known as the “International City of Peace and Justice” 15 justices elected by General Assembly from: France, Somalia, Japan, Slovakia, Morocco, Brazil, UK, China, USA, Italy, Uganda, India, Jamaica, Australia, Russia The ICoJ: Does NOT put individuals on trial, but Settles international disputes submitted to it by member nations Gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by United Nations Example cases – What are they working on now? Example cases

As a class... Let’s create a simple flow chart on the board that clearly shows the structure of the UN. You should re-create the graphic organizer in your notes. We will then look at a very detailed flow chart.

Exit Ticket – Limitations of the UN What limitations might hinder the UN from accomplishing its goals as stated in the preamble to its charter? In your notes, brainstorm ideas with a neighbor. Be prepared to share!