Cultural Heritage Markup Strategies Bibliotheca Alexandria –Digital Library of the Middle East –January, 2006

How can this image of a Sassanian seal from the 5 th century C.E. be located in a collection?

ECAI Metadata Infrastructure FacetAuthority controlSpecial display tools WHEREGazetteer Map e.g. NGA WHENTime period directory Timeline e.g. HumanSaga WHOBiographical dict. Text & images e.g. Who’s Who WHATThesaurus Syndetic structure Library mechanism for markup Multiple ways to show data and indexing

ECAI Metadata Infrastructure FacetAuthority controlSpecial display tools WHERE Gazetteer Map e.g. NGA Data location is now shown in a map generated by using latitude longitude markup

Gazetteer shows alternate names Place name is tied to coordinates

ECAI Metadata Infrastructure FacetAuthority controlSpecial display tools WHEN Time period directory Timeline e.g. HumanSaga Directory of “named time periods

TimeMap with GIS draws a map with the polygons for empires. Instruction for this procedure is contained in the named time periods

Multiple maps can be created for comparison

So a similar solution: A gazetteer-like Time Period Directory. Gazetteer: Place name – Type – Spatial markers (Lat & long) -- When Time Period Directory Period name – Type – Time markers (Calendar) – Where Note the symmetry. Note the connections between Where and When. A directory of 2,000 named time periods derived from LCSH Chronological subdivisions is at ecai.org/imls2004 Relationship between place names & period names

ECAI Metadata Infrastructure FacetAuthority controlSpecial display tools WHO Biographical dict. Text & images e.g. Who’s Who Lives involve multiple: Places - Ctesiphon Times – 632CE Events – Arab invasion Other people – Khosrau II

WHEN and Who. These named time periods are derived from Library of Congress catalog subject headings and so can be used for catalog searching which finds books on topics important for that time period. Named Time Periods located through Library of Congress

WHEN, WHERE and WHO. Catalog records found from a time period search commonly include names of persons important at that time. Their names can be forwarded to, e.g., biographies in the Wikipedia encyclopedia.

ECAI Metadata Infrastructure FacetAuthority controlSpecial display tools WHAT Thesaurus Syndetic structure Associated places Sasanian Coin from unknown location Known government centers and mints

Associated places Mints in mountains Mints along trade routes

Time sensitive interface software Georegistration for mapping Time bar to limit search

Records from Internet accessible resources From a Clearinghouse search we find registered items. We find the Ottoman Empire, that can be mapped. The markup allows links to be opened

Record for “Historic Sites of Iraq” The metadata follows Dublin Core with extensions We add latitude and longitude to the Dublin Core

Example of software generated map Umayyad Caliphate & Sasanian Empire

Page of links relating to Ctesiphon Links to library catalogs

Z39.50 search of Library of Congress catalog

Details of record Link to image

ECAI Metadata Infrastructure FacetAuthority controlSpecial display tools WHAT Thesaurus Syndetic structure