Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids Aim PT3 – what makes something a metalloid?

Metals 2/3 of the Periodic Table are metals on the left side of periodic staircase Metallic Characteristics Metals have specific properties due to the sea of mobile electrons that surround them –Solids – with the exception of Hg –Luster – ability to reflect light –Conductivity – ability to carry electricity or heat through them –Malleability – ability to be pounded flat or bent –Ductility – ability to be drawn into a wire

Other Metal Characteristics Due to having few electrons in valence shell Low electronegativities –do not seek electrons –Looking to lose and have 8 in valence shell Low ionization energies –small number of valence electrons –easier to remove Larger atomic radius compared to nonmetals

Non-metals Lack luster –dull in appearance –Many are gases –Noble gases, H, N, O, F, Cl –One nonmetal liquid - Br Poor conductors of electricity and heat Brittle in solid phase –Not malleable or ductile –High electronegativity – seeks to fill valence shell with electrons –High ionization energy – will not lose electron easily

Metalloids On the dividing line or staircase of Periodic Table Metalloids have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals On staircase – B, Si, As, Te, At, Ge, Sb, Po Example: Silicon –Conducts electricity (in silicon’s case, it is a semiconductor) –Have luster, metallic looking –But highly brittle