Territoriality

Interactional Community territory

Organizational Group territority

Economic Economic areas Where transactions take place

Sexual Men’s territories Women’s territories

Territorial Space Formal Space Informal Space Boundaries

Temporal Scheduling of Space

Instructional Teaching and learning Individual Space assignments

Recreational Fun Playing games …….. In terms of space

Protective Privacy

Exploitational Use of Fences Boundary markers

Sexuality in Intercultural Relationships Heteronormativity The assumption that heterosexuality is the only normal, natural and universal form of sexuality. Heterosexism An ideological system that denies and denigrates any nonheterosexual behavior, identity or community. What challenges do intercultural gay, lesbian, bi, trans and queer relationships face? International, intercultural glbt relationships?

Cultural Space  The particular configuration of the communication (discourse) that constructs meanings of various places. A cultural space is not just a particular location that has culturally constructed meanings, it can also be a metaphorical place from which we communicate

Cultural Identity and Cultural Space Home: Cultural spaces influence how we think about ourselves and others; the earliest of these are our homes. Nonverbal communication often involves issues of status, and the appearance of a home often signals social class status. Home is a place of identification, and people often model their lives on the patterns of their childhood homes. Home may be a place of safety and security. Home is not the same as the physical location it occupies nor the building.

Cultural Identity and Cultural Space Neighborhood: emerged in the latter part of the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries; the ethnic or racial neighborhood. Different political pressures caused some cities to develop segregated neighborhoods. As a result, neighborhoods exemplify how power influences intercultural contact. Power relations and historical forces influenced settlement patterns of various cultural groups, contributing to various kinds of ethnic enclaves in the United States. The key to understanding the complex relationships among culture, power, people, and cultural space is to think dialectically about these issues.

Cultural Identity and Cultural Space Regionalism Regional conflicts throughout the world exemplify struggles to determine who gets to define whom. People may identify strongly with particular regions. Regionalism can be expressed in many forms, from symbolic expressions to armed conflict. National borders may appear to be simple, but they often conceal conflicting regional identities. To understand the effect of borders on intercultural communication, one must consider how history, power, identity, culture, and context come into play.

Changing Cultural Space Travel: Traveling changes cultural spaces in a way that often transforms the traveler. Migration: People change cultural spaces when they relocate, and whether it is forced or not, some people have difficulty adjusting

Uncertainty Avoidance (Hofstede)  Degree of need to avoid uncertainty about the future  Degree of preference for structured versus unstructured situations Structured situations: have tight rules may or may not be written down  High uncertainty avoidance: people with more nervous energy (vs easy-going), rigid society, "what is different is dangerous."

Masculinity Vs. Femininity (Hofstede)  Division of roles and values in a society  Masculine values prevail: assertiveness, success, competition  Feminine values prevail: quality of life, maintenance of warm personal relationships, service, care for the weak, solidarity