What do you think makes a nation a nation? When is it legitimate to call a nation one?

Essential Question How have people used nationalism as a basis for their actions? What are the positive and negative effects of nationalism?

How have people used nationalism as a basis for their actions? What are the positive and negative effects of nationalism?

A group of people who share similar traditions, history, culture, religion, & language

When such a group occupies a definite territory & is united under its own gov’t

A feeling of love & loyalty for one’s country & people My highest loyalty belongs to the nation-state!

Examples: Poems, flags & national anthems!

Positive Influences Inspiration for positive change We can do better!

Development for self-government No one knows more about governing us than us!

1. Racism Hatred of different groups, people, or nations

2. Militarism The glorification of armed strength War is seen as the purest form of patriotism

3. Social Darwinism Application of Darwin’s theory of evolution to human society

The fittest for survival enjoy wealth & success, while poor remain poor because they are weak

 Several revolutions erupted in Europe between 1815 and 1829, and the spread of revolutionary ideals would ignite new uprisings in 1830 and  Also occurring during this time were the wars of independence in Latin America.  These revolts began in the late 1700s and early 1800s and were inspired by the success of the American Revolution and the ideals of the French Revolution.

Remember the Congress of Vienna? After Napoleon was removed from power, a group of diplomats and heads of state from the empires of Russia, Prussia, Austria, Britain and France worked from September 1814 to June 1815 to create a lasting peace by establishing a balance of power and protecting the system of monarchy. They tried to uproot the “revolutionary seed” and suppress nationalistic fervor.

European Ideologies Around 1800 The clash of people with opposing ideologies plunged Europe into more than 30 years of turmoil.

What is an ideology? Defined as a “system of thought and belief” The set of ideas and beliefs of a group or political party One that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy. It’s an ‘ism’.

Conservatism Supports … ♪A world before 1789 ♪Restoration of royal families to power ♪A social hierarchy ♪Established church Opposes … ♪Freedom of the press

Liberalism Supports … ♣written constitutions ♣separation of powers ♣freedom of speech, religion ♣Liberty, equality, property ♣Laissez-faire economics Opposes … ♣divine-right monarchs ♣old aristocracy ♣established churches

Nationalism ♫People with a common heritage united to try to form their own homeland

In the 1800s, national groups sought to create their own states based on a common heritage. Nationalists looked to unite people with common heritage. States such as Austria, Russia, and the Ottoman empire included many diverse ethnic groups. For centuries European rulers had traded lands through wars or royal marriages.

The Ottomans for 300 years. First Revolt and 1813; it fails Second Revolt – 1815 and Russia helps Serbia Seeks Independence,

The Second Serbian Uprising ( ) was a second phase of the Serbian revolution against the Ottoman Empire, which erupted shortly after the re- annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire, in 1813.

Greeks revolted against Ottoman rule, Western powers supported Greece, but later pressured the Greeks to accept a German king, showing their opposition to revolutionary nationalism.

Metternich urged conservative rulers to crush these uprisings. French armies suppressed a revolt in Spain. Austrian forces did the same in Italy. Despite such shows of force, calls to overthrow the old order increased in the 1800s. In the 1820s, revolts in Spain, Portugal and on the Italian peninsula.

Exit Slip Using your own words, define the following and then provide an example for each. –Nation –Nation-state –Nationalism