MEASUREMENT

Determination of amount of something Measurement Determination of amount of something Number value and a unit Unit – standard amount that everyone agrees with

Only 2-3 Countries use this ENGLISH SYSTEM United States Common measurements Miles, yards, feet, inches, pounds, pints, quarts, gallons, cups, teaspoon Only 2-3 Countries use this (its an old system)

International System of Units ”SI” Metric system created in 1800’s in France Relates all units to form a base of 10 1960 named SI U.S. is the only industrialized nation not to adopt the SI

“SI” base units Length - meters Mass - grams Volume - liters Temperature - Kelvin or Celsius

UNCERTAINTY All physical measurements are to some extent uncertain. The degree of percision is indicated by SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Metric Conversions Ladder Method T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

How many jumps does it take? Ladder Method 1 2 3 KILO 1000 Units HECTO 100 Units DEKA 10 Units DECI 0.1 Unit Meters Liters Grams CENTI 0.01 Unit MILLI 0.001 Unit How do you use the “ladder” method? 1st – Determine your starting point. 2nd – Count the “jumps” to your ending point. 3rd – Move the decimal the same number of jumps in the same direction. 4 km = _________ m Starting Point Ending Point How many jumps does it take? 4. 1 __. 2 __. 3 __. = 4000 m

Conversion Practice

UNCERTAINTY All physical measurements are to some extent uncertain. The degree of precision is indicated by SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Metric Conversion Challenge Write the correct abbreviation for each metric unit. 1) Kilogram _____ 4) Milliliter _____ 7) Kilometer _____ 2) Meter _____ 5) Millimeter _____ 8) Centimeter _____ 3) Gram _____ 6) Liter _____ 9) Milligram _____ Problems:   How many milliliters are in a liter? 2) How many centimeters are in a meter?    3) How many kilometers are in a meter? 4) How many centimeters are in a kilometer? 5) How many kilometers are in a centimeter?

Try these conversions, using the ladder method. 1) 1000 mg = _______ g 6) 1 L = _______ mL 11) 160 cm = _______ mm 2) 14 km = _______ m 7) 109 g = _______ kg 12) 250 m = _______ km

SI - length Meters 1 kilometer (km) = 1,000 meters (103) 1 hectometer (hm) = 100 meters (102) 1 decameter (da) = 10 meters (101) 1 meter 10 decimeters (dm) = 1 meter (10-1) 100 centimeters (cm) = 1 meter (10-2) 1,000 millimeters (mm) = 1 meter (10-3)

SI - Mass Grams (usually in kg) 1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (103) 1 hectogram (hg) = 100 grams (102) 1 decagram (dag) = 10 grams (101) 1 gram 10 decigram (dg) = 1 gram (10-1) 100 centigram (cg) = 1 gram (10-2) 1,000 milligram (mg) = 1 gram (10-3) (usually in kg)

SI - Volume Liters 1 kiloLiter (kL) = 1,000 liters (103) 1 hectoLiter (hL) = 100 liters (102) 1 decaLiter (daL) = 10 liters (101) 1 Liter 10 deciLiter (dL) = 1 liters (10-1) 100 centiLiter (cL) = 1 liters (10-2) 1,000 milliLiter (mL) = 1 liters (10-3)

SI - Temperature 210 C = room temperature Celsius (0C) = 1000 C boiling water 00 C freezing water

Dimensional Analysis Given | needed| = | | | | Ex. Convert 10 meters into kilometers 10 meters is given Kilometers is needed 10 m | 1 km | = 10 km = 0.01 km | 1,000 m | 1,000