PTA/OTA 106 Unit 1 Lecture 4. Overview of the Digestive System.

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Presentation transcript:

PTA/OTA 106 Unit 1 Lecture 4

Overview of the Digestive System

Internal Structures of the mouth

Salivary Glands and their Associated Ducts

Number and types of Adult Teeth

Location and Types of Deciduous Teeth

Location of Adult Teeth and Age of Eruption

GI Tract Functions Mouth: Ingestion Teeth: Mastication Salivary Glands: 1.Water: Moistens Food 2.Mucus: Lubricates and binds food into bolus 3.Amylase: Starts breakdown of Starch and Glycogen

GI Tract Functions Mouth continued: Salivary Glands: 4.Lingual lipase: Starts breakdown of lipids 5.Bicarbonate (HCO3): Buffering action neutralizes acidic food in the mouth

Overview of fluid intake and secretion compared to fluid absorption by the Digestive tract

GI Tract Functions Pharynx: Both Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx: Deglutition or Swallowing

Stages of Deglutition 1.Voluntary Stage: a. Buccal or Oral activity formation and movement of the bolus

Stages of Deglutition 2.Pharyngeal Stage: a.Soft-palate is pulled upward closing off the nasopharynx b.Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches are pulled medially forming a sagittal slit with the fauces.

Stages of Deglutition 2.Pharyngeal Stage: c.Vocal cords close d.Epiglottis swings backward over larynx and larynx is pulled upward to close off the opening of the larynx e.Upper esophageal sphincter relaxes to that bolus can enter the esophagus.

Stages of Deglutition 2.Esophageal Stage: a.Peristalsis pushes the bolus downward through the esophagus. b.Lower esophageal sphincter relaxes and the bolus enters the stomach

Structural Portions of the Respiratory System Upper Respiratory System Designed to conduct air into and out of the Lower Respiratory System

Processes of the Respiratory System Pulmonary ventilation mechanical flow of air into and out of the lungs External Respiration exchange of gases between the pulmonary air spaces and the blood Internal Respiration exchange of gases between blood and tissues

Anterior view of the Larynx

Posterior View of the Larynx

Relationship of the Esophagus and Trachea in the Neck

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Surface View of the lining of the upper Respiratory system demonstrating Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Histology of a Bronchiole showing a Seromucous gland