Classifying Macromolecules Macromolecules are placed into groups based on their chemical composition The four types of macromolecules are Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids

Proteins What foods do you think have protein in them? Actually, all foods have at least a little, but some foods are higher than others

Proteins are Super Important

Structure Proteins are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Structure They are polymers made of monomers of amino acids

Size Proteins are very large ,often made of thousands of amino acids

Amino Acids There are 20 different amino acids. All proteins are made from combinations of these amino acids.

Structure Proteins are long chains of amino acids that are linked together through a special type of bond called a peptide bond. What is this process called?

Other Names Sometimes people call proteins polypeptides because they are made of many amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Structure When all of the amino acids are assembled in a chain, the protein will fold itself into a very specific shape.

Structure The shape of a protein often determines its function.

Structure Proteins are very sensitive to changes in pH and temperature Changes in pH and temperature change the shape of the protein, meaning that it probably won’t function correctly anymore.

3 Major Functions of Proteins Some proteins help transport materials in and out of cells

3 Major Functions of Proteins Some proteins form important cell structures

3 Major Functions of Proteins Some proteins, known as enzymes, control the rate of reactions and regulate processes

Testing Procedure Add Biuret solution Blue means no protein Purple means proteins are present

Make a dot for today’s date on your Learning Goal and Scale TOTD: Wednesday, Oct. 1 Question Answer How do you test for proteins? Make a dot for today’s date on your Learning Goal and Scale