Ch 13 Respiratory System PPT 1

Organs of the Respiratory system Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

“Left” and “Right” refers to the person’s right or left!!! NOT the way you look at them!!!!

Physiology of System & Terminology Physiology: Purify, moistens, and warm incoming air External respiration- Gas exchange between outside and blood Ventilation- inhalation & exhalation Respiratory gas transport in blood Internal respiration- gas exchange between blood and cells

Nasal Cavity Nostrils- allow air in and out (Septum- separates nostrils) Mucosa membrane lining - olfactory receptors -ciliated cells & hairs Contains Paranasal sinuses

Paranasal Sinuses  Hollow cavities inside skull  Lightens skull  Resonance chambers for speech  Hollow cavities inside skull  Lightens skull  Resonance chambers for speech

Pharynx Aka Throat (13 cm) (food and air) Aka Throat (13 cm) (food and air) Includes tonsils- adenoids, palatine, and lingual (located on next slide) **Tonsils are part of lymphatic system (not respiratory)

Slide 13.3b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 13.2 Upper Respiratory Tract

Larynx AKA voicebox (routes air & food to proper channels) AKA voicebox (routes air & food to proper channels) Thyroid Cartilages (hyaline)-forms Adam’s apple Epiglottis- active when swallowing…”keeper of the airway” Vocal cords

Trachea AKA windpipe Mucosa membrane lining Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium Hyaline cartilage rings – prevent collapse Heimlich maneuver

Bronchi “Tubes” into lungs Right & Left Primary Bronchus Hyaline cartilage rings Start of “bronchial tree”

Bronchial tree

Lungs Serosa membrane around lungs (visceral pleura & parietal pleura) Serosa membrane around lungs (visceral pleura & parietal pleura) Contain Bronchioles- primary, secondary, tertiary, terminal (rest of bronchial tree) Lobes- 2 on left, 3 on right Surfactant secreting cells  lowers surface tension of the film of water lining each alveoli sac

LungsLungs Slide 13.12b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 13.4b

Bronchial Tree Respiratory Tree in Lungs Bronchial Tree Respiratory Tree in Lungs Slide 13.12b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

BronchiolesBronchioles Slide 13.15a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 13.5a  Smallest branches of the bronchi  Terminal bronchioles end in alveoli

AlveoliAlveoli Slide 13.15c Alveolar duct Alveolar sac Alveoli (indiv. bulbs) The site of gas exchange (external respiration) Figure 13.5a

Let’s Summarize! On a piece of paper, trace the pathway of an oxygen molecule through the respiratory system from start (#1 - mouth) to end (#10 - alveoli). Word/Structure Bank Larynx Pharynx Trachea Oral cavity Mouth Alveolus Primary Bronchi Air Sac Bronchioles (secondary, tertiary, and terminal) Air Duct

__ Nasal Cavity __ Paranasal Sinuses __ Pharynx __ Larynx __ Trachea __ Bronchi __ Bronchioles __ Alveoli __ Lung __ Nasal Cavity __ Paranasal Sinuses __ Pharynx __ Larynx __ Trachea __ Bronchi __ Bronchioles __ Alveoli __ Lung A.Multiple lobes, contains “bronchial tree” B. Hollow spaces, resonance chambers for sound C. Very Thin! Site of external respiration (gas exchange) D. Where air enters E.Smaller branches of bronchi (secondary, tertiary, etc.) F. “throat” & includes tonsils G. “voice box” contains epiglottis & vocal cords H. Beginning of bronchial tree, contains hyaline cartilage I. “wind pipe”, pseudostratified Cilliated Columnar epitheliun, hyaline cartilage rings

Respiratory Membrane Simple squamous epithelium of alveoli Diffusion of O2 from alveoli into blood Simple squamous epithelium of capillary Diffusion of CO2 from blood into alveoli

Respiratory Membrane (Air-Blood Barrier) Slide 13.18b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 13.6

Pathway of respiratory gases

Respiratory Physiology Pulmonary Ventilation- Inhalation- O2 from outside into respiratory system (Pathway)- nasal cavity to alveoli in lungs

Respiratory physiology External Respiration- O2 diffuses from alveoli into blood (across respiratory membrane)

Internal Respiration External Respiration O2 from Alveoli  Blood

Respiratory Physiology Respiratory Gas Transport- O2 carried (by Fe of hemoglobin in RBC’s of blood) to body cells

Respiratory physiology Internal Respiration- -O2 (needed for aerobic cellular respiration) diffuses from blood into body cells - CO2 (toxic waste product from aerobic cellular respiration) diffuses from body cells into blood Internal Respiration- -O2 (needed for aerobic cellular respiration) diffuses from blood into body cells - CO2 (toxic waste product from aerobic cellular respiration) diffuses from body cells into blood

AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Respiratory physiology Respiratory Gas Transport -CO2 is carried (by blood) from body cells to respiratory membrane

Respiratory Physiology External respiration -CO2 diffuses from blood into the alveoli (across respiratory membrane)

Pulmonary Ventilation- exhalation- CO2 exits respiratory system to outside environment (Pathway) from alveoli of lungs  out nasal cavity

Review: Put in order from start (inhale) to end (exhale) __ Pulmonary Ventilation (exhalation) __ External Respiration (O2 from alveoli to blood) __ External Respiration (CO2 from blood into alveoli) __ Internal (aerobic cellular) Respiration __ Respiratory Gas Transport (CO2 carried to alveoli via blood) __ Pulminary Ventilation (inhalation) __ Respiratory Gas Transport (O2 carried to body cells via blood) __ Pulmonary Ventilation (exhalation) __ External Respiration (O2 from alveoli to blood) __ External Respiration (CO2 from blood into alveoli) __ Internal (aerobic cellular) Respiration __ Respiratory Gas Transport (CO2 carried to alveoli via blood) __ Pulminary Ventilation (inhalation) __ Respiratory Gas Transport (O2 carried to body cells via blood)

Respiratory Videos  Circulatory & Respiratory Systems - CrashCourse Biology #27 – YouTube Circulatory & Respiratory Systems - CrashCourse Biology #27 – YouTube  PCCS Dr. Herlihy on Dr. Oz for Mega Lungs - YouTube PCCS Dr. Herlihy on Dr. Oz for Mega Lungs - YouTube  Circulatory & Respiratory Systems - CrashCourse Biology #27 – YouTube Circulatory & Respiratory Systems - CrashCourse Biology #27 – YouTube  PCCS Dr. Herlihy on Dr. Oz for Mega Lungs - YouTube PCCS Dr. Herlihy on Dr. Oz for Mega Lungs - YouTube

Respiratory Microscope Lab