Introduction to HIV/AIDS Lindsay Henry

What will we learn? What is HIV/AIDS? How is HIV/AIDS transmitted? What are the signs/symptoms of HIV/AIDS? When does HIV develop into AIDS?

What is HIV?  HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that attacks the human body's white blood cells or immune cells. o This virus is DEADLY and cannot be CURED. What do our white blood cells or immune cells do?

They make up our immune system!  HIV attacks these cells that keep us healthy which in turn makes us feel sick. An immune system is what keeps a body healthy, it fights off foreign invaders (such as viruses) and helps fight off infections!

So how does HIV use our immune cells?  HIV uses our immune cells to infect us.  HIV "steals" these cells and makes them do what it wants!  HIV makes our immune cells attack our bodies.

Remember: White Blood Cells=Immune Cells!

HIV HIV enters our bloodstream White Blood Cell HIV finds a white blood cell! HIV White Blood Cell HIV invades the white blood cell

HIV White Blood Cell HIV invades the White Blood Cell (WBC) HIV now has control of your WBC and can make you sick HIV in your WBC

What does HIV do? HIV weakens our immune system. WHAT HIV DOES WHAT THIS MEANS When our immune system is not working properly, we get sick more often.

What does HIV do? HIV decreases the amount of uninfected (good) white blood cells our body has. WHAT HIV DOESWHAT THIS MEANS Causes our body to struggle to fight off infections.

What does HIV do? HIV makes our body feel sick and very weak. WHAT HIV DOESWHAT THIS MEANS When our body feels sick, we are more likely to get infections than if we were healthy and not sick!

What does HIV do? HIV makes us more susceptible to other diseases and infections. WHAT HIV DOES WHAT THIS MEANS When our immune system is weakened, foreign invaders take this opportunity to invade and make us sick.

Here is an Example: HIV Infected Person 1. Cold Virus 2. HIV infected person is exposed to the cold virus! 3. If this person had been healthy, they would not have become sick as easily!

Here is an Example: NON-HIV Infected Person 1. Cold Virus 3. Still healthy and not sick! 2. Healthy person is exposed to the cold virus!

What are the initial signs and symptoms of HIV? If a person is infected with HIV, they may suffer: o Flu-like symptoms o Fever, chills, night sweats o Headaches or body aches o Swollen lymph glands o Lethargy, lack of energy HIV Virus (image from the NIH)

Keep in mind, some people experience NO initial symptoms at all!

Rapid weight loss Extreme tiredness Persistent swollen lymph glands Recurring fever or profuse night sweats Diarrhea that lasts a week or more What are later signs and symptoms of HIV?

Modes of Transmission What are Modes of Transmission? 1. Blood to Blood Needles Transfusions 2. Semen Sexual intercourse 3. Vaginal Fluid Sexual Intercourse Birthing Process 4. Breast Milk Mother's breast milk

 AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is the later stage of HIV that is diagnosed by: o Having an opportunistic infection o Extremely low white blood cell counts (T-cell count) o Developing certain types of cancers What is AIDS?

When is HIV considered to have become AIDS?  If you have been diagnosed with one or more of the opportunistic infections  Have T-cell counts below 200  Have a certain type of cancer ***In recent years, HIV has taken longer to develop into AIDS, can you think of why?

Because of the treatments now available for HIV patients! New drugs are extending the life of HIV patients and prolonging the time between HIV and AIDS.

When HIV becomes AIDS When HIV Becomes AIDS The Stages of HIV Infection

Video Wrap Up Here is short video about HIV/AIDS: Understanding HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS Matching Activity Please print out the Module 1 Student Activity Worksheet. You will match the terms with the correct definitions.

HIV/AIDS Matching Activity Facilitators, please pause the presentation at this time. When students are finished with the worksheet, play the presentation.

HIV/AIDS Matching Activity Now that you have completed the matching, you can review your answers individually, find a partner to work with or get into a group of 3. I will display the answers, please mark the ones you did not get right!

Answers! Set 1 Answers 1. D 2. E 3. B 4. A 5. C Set 2 Answers 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D Set 3 Answers 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A

HIV/AIDS Matching Activity After you have marked the questions you got incorrect, compare with classmates if working individually or talk to your partner or group members about them. Did they get the same questions wrong as you did?

Post Quiz

Directions: Please print out the Module 1 Student Quiz at this time

Quiz 1 1. What does HIV stand for? A. Human Intravenous Virus B. Human Immunodeficiency Virus C. Host Innerbody Virus D. Host Cell Virus

Quiz 1 2. What are the first signs and symptoms of HIV? A. People feel happy and lively, like nothing is wrong! B. No one shows ANY sign of infection EVER C. Fever, chills, swollen lymph glands, night sweats D. None of the above

Quiz 1 3. Fill in the blank: HIV weakens our __________________. A. Immune System B. Leg and arm muscles C. Body D. Both A and C are TRUE

Quiz 1 4. Fill in the blank: HIV uses our ______ cells to infect our body. A. Nose B. Skin C. Red blood cells D. White blood cells or Immune Cells

Quiz 1 5. What are some later signs and symptoms of HIV? A. Arms and legs feel numb B. Excessive tiredness, recurring night sweats, or rapid weight loss C. Your ears hurt D. You grow hair rapidly

Quiz 1 6. What is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)? A. It is a waterborne illness. B. It is when you get sick and have a headache. C. It is a later stage of HIV infection. D. It is a disease of the legs.

Quiz 1 7. When is an HIV patient considered to have AIDS? A. When they have one or more of the opportunistic infections. B. When their white blood cell counts are extremely low. C. When they have developed certain cancers. D. All of the above are correct

Answers to Quiz 1: Answers: 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D How many did you get correct? How many did you get incorrect?

More information If you are interested in learning more about the topics presented or have questions, please see the extended resources document for this lesson.

References Vorvick, Linda J., and David Zieve. "Swollen Lymph Nodes."Medline Plus. U.S. National Library of Medicine/National Institutes of Health, 15 May Web. 29 Jan