DNA Transcription & Protein Translation

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Protein Synthesis.

Advertisements

3 Types of RNA.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

From DNA to Protein Section 11.2 Pg

Cell Protein Production

Warm ups: 1. What are the four bases that make up DNA? 2. What is a mutation? 3. List the different types of mutations…

2.7 DNA Replication, transcription and translation

RNA Transcription.

Translation (Protein Synthesis) RNA  protein. Making a protein Many RNAs needed –mRNA, tRNA, rRNA.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.

Protein Synthesis Chapter 11.

RNA and Protein Synthesis. DNA to RNA to Protein Focus Questions: –How does the message coded in the base sequence of DNA eventually create a protein?

Chapter 13.2 (Pgs ): Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

Transcription and Translation

Protein Synthesis. The DNA Code It is a universal code. The order of bases along the DNA strand codes for the order in which amino acids are chemically.

DNA transcribes to RNA RNA translates to protein.

Transcription and Translation. What is Transcription? It is a process that produces a complementary strand of RNA by copying a complementary strand of.

RNA & Protein Synthesis.

RNA and protein synthesis. RNA Single strand of nucleotides Sugar is ribose Uracil instead of thymine.

Chapter 12 Making Proteins. Differences between RNA and DNA DNA = double strand; RNA = single strand RNA contains Ribose instead of deoxyribose. RNA uses.

SC.912.L.16.5 Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation.

 DNA is the blueprint for life – it contains your genetic information  The order of the bases in a segment of DNA (__________) codes for a particular.

Protein Synthesis Transcription. DNA vs. RNA Single stranded Ribose sugar Uracil Anywhere Double stranded Deoxyribose sugar Thymine Nucleus.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

3 types:  mRNA – used in transcription  tRNA – used in translation  rRNA – makes up ribosomes Composed of nucleotides  5 carbon sugar = ribose  phosphate.

One gene=one protein RNA & Protein Synthesis. Genetic Code -Universal All living organisms have the same four nucleotides- A, C, T, & G Central Dogma:

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis

 DNA is the blueprint for life – it contains your genetic information  The order of the bases in a segment of DNA (GENE) codes for a particular protein;

Protein Synthesis The process of putting together amino acids to form proteins in the cell. The process of putting together amino acids to form proteins.

RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation. Today’s Objectives Introduce Protein Synthesis Compare types of nucleic acid.

Gene Expression. Central Dogma Information flows from: DNA  RNA  Protein Exception: reverse transcriptase (retroviruses) RNA  DNA  RNA  Protein.

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation. DNA Transcription DNA must be copied to messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus mRNA travels from nucleus to the.

A. Chromosomes are made of DNA B.Segments of DNA code for a protein C.A protein in turn, relates to a trait or a gene (examples: eye color, hair color,

Protein Synthesis: Transcription & Translation.

Protein Synthesis. DNA mRNA DNA Cannot the nucleus Sends to the cytoplasm via Its base sequence (called a codon) determines the amino acid in proteins.

I.Structure and Function of RNA A) Why is RNA needed? 1) proteins are made by ribosomes outside the nucleus (on the rough Endoplasmic Reticulum)

RNA, Transcription, and the Genetic Code. RNA = ribonucleic acid -Nucleic acid similar to DNA but with several differences DNARNA Number of strands21.

The Central Theme of Molecular Biology is Protein Synthesis Step I: Going from DNA to RNA called Transcription Step II: Going from RNA to Protein called.

8.4 Transcription KEY CONCEPT Transcription converts a gene into a single-stranded RNA molecule.

CH 12.3 RNA & Protein Synthesis. Genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell…

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis Page 300. A. Introduction 1. Chromosomes are a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of.

Chapter – 10 Part II Molecular Biology of the Gene - Genetic Transcription and Translation.

Genetics: RNA and Protein Synthesis

Notes: Transcription DNA vs. RNA

CH 12.3 RNA & Protein Synthesis.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS CHAPTER 10 section 4

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation

RNA and Protein Synthesis

DNA transcribes RNA RNA translates to protein

Chp: 12 Transcription & Translation

Transcription -The main purpose of transcription is to create RNA from DNA because RNA leaves the nucleus to carry out its functions but DNA does not -A.

Transcription and Translation

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation

Analyze the process of DNA replication.

Unit 5: Protein Synthesis.

Cell Protein Production

Central Dogma of Genetics

How genes on a chromosome determine what proteins to make

RNA - TRANSLATION.

Central Dogma of Genetics

GENE EXPRESSION / PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

RNA’s structure and the Birth of the RNA triplets

RNA, Transcription, and Translation

Steps of Translation.

Central Dogma of Genetics

RNA, Protein Synthesis, Transcription, and Translation

DNA Replication Living Environment 2015.

Protein Synthesis: An Overview

Presentation transcript:

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation Honors Biology SOL.BIO.6f

Today’s Objectives TSW investigate and understand common mechanisms of protein synthesis.

DNA Transcription DNA must be copied to messenger RNA (mRNA) mRNA goes from nucleus to the ribosomes in cytoplasm mRNA complements known as codons Only 3 nucleotide “letters” long Remember RNA has uracil (U) instead of thymine (T)!

Transcription – Step I Template DNA Strands A C G T A T C G C G T A T G C A T A G C G C A T Template DNA Strands

Transcription – Step II A C G T A T C G C G T A U G C A U A G C G C A U Template DNA is Matched Up with Complementary mRNA Sequences

Transcription – Step III A C G U A U C G C G U A U G C A U A G C G C A U mRNA leaves nucleus and goes to ribosomes A new complementary RNA strand is made (rRNA)

Transcription Reminders The template strand is the DNA strand being copied The rRNA strand is the same as the DNA strand except Us have replaced Ts

Protein Translation Modified genetic code is “translated” into proteins Codon code is specific, but redundant! 20 amino acids 64 triplet (codon) combinations

tRNA in cytoplasm has a codon attached to an amino acid

tRNA structure 3-base code (triplet) is an “anticodon” Protein molecule Attached amino acid that is carried from cytoplasm to ribosomes

Protein Synthesis Start: Ribosome binds to mRNA at start codon (AUG) Elongation: tRNA complexes bind to mRNA codon by forming complementary base pairs with the tRNA anticodon The ribosome moves from codon to codon along the mRNA. Amino acids are added one by one Release: release factor binds to the stop codon