The Meiji Restoration

Modern Day Japan Copy the following questions in your notebook… We will answer together in class 1)How has Japan’s size and geography affected the way people live? 2)How are ancient traditions still a part of Japanese culture? 3) How has Japanese economy successfully adapted to the modern world?

Meiji Restoration Vocabulary Annexation- the formal act of gaining territory by conquest Decentralized Government- a government that spreads the responsibility and power to more people rather than having it in the hands of one person. Emperor- ruler of an empire Imperialism- the practice of a larger country and government taking over a weaker country for its natural resources Meiji Restoration- political and social changes that led Japan to become a strong and modern country Takugana Shogunate- military dictator of Japan that established a strong social caste system in Japan Zaibatsu- a powerful business in Japan samurai-the Japanese warrior caste that provided the administrative and fighting aristocracy from the 11th to the 19th centuries daimyo-powerful territorial lords in pre-modern Japan who ruled most of the country feudalism-a system which existed in the Middle Ages, in which people received land and protection from a lord when they worked and fought for him

Do Now: Explain how these images show a change in Japanese society. Figure A Figure B AIM: To understand the transition from feudal to modern Japan. Photograph Interpretation / Compare and Contrast

Cornell Notes: World History: Unit 7: Nationalism/Imperialism Your Reaction: Questions, Explanations, Ideas Notes from PowerPoint Summary of Lecture:

What geographic features allowed Japan to stay isolated from the world? Mountain Ranges Surrounded by the sea 4 main islands Ring of Fire Geography of Japan

Mt Fuji – Tallest mountain in Japan at 12,388 feet tall

Let’s Go Back In Time… Tokugawa Period ( ) Himeji Castle: Built in 1600s ___________________ Ruled by Shogun Capital City of Edo (Tokyo) Rigid Social Structure Belief Systems -Buddhism - Prohibited Christianity Feudalism

Japanese Feudalism Shogun Daimyo Samurai – lived by Bushido, the “way of the warrior” (chivalric code) Samurai Farmers, Peasants, Merchants, etc. Ronin – those samurai without masters Ninja – a warrior trained to use unorthodox fighting methods (assassination, espionage, martial arts)

Fall of Tokugawa Shogunate The Last Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu Reasons for the fall:  Samurai upset at “surrendering” to Westerners.  Tokugawa Shogunate seen as weak for ending 250 years of isolation.  Some Daimyo saw this as an opportunity to change the social structure.  Western civilization had arrived and was threatening to gain power there.

Emperor Mutsuhito, Meiji. If Not The Shogun, Then Who? The arrival of the West worried the native Japanese. People of all classes appealed to the ________ for support. They used the slogan sonno joi “Revere the emporer______, expel the barbarians.” Emperor meiji

Compare These Two Figures 1. What are the similarities and differences between the two men? 2. What adjectives would you use to describe each ruler? Do Now:

Emergence of the Emperor Over the next generation the whole society and its institutions were transformed to serve the needs of _____________. The Shogunate was defeated and a new emperor named was put in power Emperor Mutsuhito, Meiji. This period is known as the Meiji Restoration Mutsuhito Meiji modernization Meiji Restoration– Meiji meaning enlightened rule

Changes During The Meiji Restoration Abolished feudalism Eliminated samurai armies Reformed education Created a centralized gov’t and encouraged loyalty to the emperor Japan's 1 st Western-style constitution (1889), followed by the country's first elected Diet. Adopted Western technology Opened up trade (ended isolation) Major Changes :

How does this image show a change in the way the Japanese view the West? Hiking Through The West, 1870

Strains of Modernization Poor living standards existed in crowded cities Political differences led to frequent assassinations of leaders Constant questioning and debate about ______________ Angry ____ class Need for raw materials Problems: Westernization Samurai

Japan began using Western ____________ which allowed the Japanese to fully ______________ in less than 50 years. By the end of the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese no longer feared that they would be _____________. Rather, they set out to practice imperialism themselves to obtain power and ________ __________. Japan was quickly emerging as a world-class power using western technology and methods while still maintaining its ___________ _________ values. Final Thoughts technology industrialize imperialized natural traditional resources cultural This period was known as the _____ _____________. Meiji Restoration