MIR OZONE ISSUES Horizontal (STE) and vertical transport (long life time in UTLS) Photochemical production by precursors (biomass burning, lightning,..) ? Origin of wave number one distribution in tropospheric column ?

Ozone profiles profiles Hurricane

A little less in LS and UT than in (lower lat, QBO, later season) Very small variability in LS, larger in UT and TTL, similar to SAOZ-MIR 2004

Ozone partial column 7-32 km Most of Wave number one in TTO due to UT and TTL and not to Lower troposphere (biomass burning)

Walker Circulation (Newel 1979) Ozone at 20°S MIR SAOZ March 2001 % deviation from zonal mean Minima in TTL over convective areas, particularly maritime (O3 destruction at surface level over Ocean), Maxima over subsident regions (meridional horizontal transport) Ozone distribution mainly controlled by transport (quasi-horizontalfrom mid-latitude and vertical by convection

Very similar ideas: Max in UT over subsident oceanic areas Minimum over convection, lowest over maritime convection March 2004

Ozone partial column 7-32 km Most of Wave number one in TTO due to UT and TTL and not to Lower troposphere (biomass burning)

Ozone variability along latitude circle in 2001 ± 3% above 20 km ± 15% in TTL above TT ± 35% in UT Removal of H. Transport (PV correlation) Vert. Transport ( K thickness) Predominantly H. transport Contrib. of convection up to 19km Others in UT and TTL (chemistry, errors) <7% Tropopause Top TTL Difference between maritime and continental convection ?

MIR-SAOZ Water vapour Measurements : 3 Wavelength ranges: 590 nm, 760 nm and 940 nm GOAL Which process is controlling the dehydration of stratospheric air ? Convective dehydration (air already dehydrated in convective clouds) ? Or Cold-trap dehydration (dehydration within slow ascending air in coldest TTL through fast horizontal transport) ?

SAOZ- MIR H2O compared to SDLA, HALOE and ECMWF Cold Point Tropopause

Altitude (km) Water Vapour MR ppm SDLA2, SDLA4, ECMWF, MIR, HALOE, GOMOS GOMOS

Cold Point E. PacificAtlanticIndian Water Vapour Zonal distribution Minima at cold point level over subsident maritime areas (STE ?) Maxima over deepest convective areas : Africa, S. America and SPCZ

Temperature derived from O2 density (preliminary, 5K bias) Cold Point Maximum H2O at coldest cold point level over convective areas !

Extinction < 1e -2 km -1 = thin cirrus MIR-SAOZ 2004

Tropopause Cold Point SPCZS. AmericaAfricaHurricane Atmospheric Extinction Opaque clouds barely at lapse rate tropopause Thin cirrus predominantly over convective areas

DJF average Water vapour (ppm) at 100 hPa. Left HALOE, right MOZART Max over convective areas : Africa, S. America and SPCZ Min over subsident oceanic areas

East QBO West QBO MLS 100 hPa Black contour: UKMO temp <193.5 White: OLR <220W/m2

MLS 83 hPa

UARS MLS 100 hPa 83 hPa ECMWF / REPROBUS Feb-Mar 04 Read et al. 2004

Preliminary conclusions Water vapour maxima at cold point level over deepest convective areas, coldest cold point temp and max cirrus. Minimum over subsident maritime areas (STE ?) Fully consistent with HALOE seasonal average and MLS 1992/93 (same QBO phase) Lesser agreement with ECMWF New GOMOS H2O available (still preliminary) Further work Improved comparisons with other Hibiscus observations Correlation with H and V transport indices Comparisons to global scale simulations