 The ability of the body to control it’s temperature is called thermoregulation.  Major changes in the core temperature of the body can be dangerous.  Thermoregulation is achieved by: - Convection - Radiation - Conduction - Evaporation

 Define the 4 types of thermoregulation and give examples of two sports in which each would occur.

 If the air is dry and a breeze is blowing, sweat can easily evaporate off the skin.  The cooling system works efficiently.  If humid and sunny sweat does not evaporate as easily.  Sweat drips off the body and the cooling effect is reduced.

 When air temperature reaches above 25C caution when exercising is needed.  If temperature is high and humid serious health problems can occur especially in endurance performances.  Hyperthermia can result due to lack of evaporation - the body’s temperature regulation mechanism.

 Hyperthermia is a serious condition in which the core body temperature has risen dangerously high.  It is characterised confusion, hot skin, headache, nausea and in sever cases collapse and coma.  Urgent medical attention is needed.

 Handout ambient temperature and wet-bulb globe temperature.

 If air temperature is cold, strong wind currents can contribute to the wind chill factor.  If appropriate insulating clothing is not available this can produce a life threatening situation.  This can result in hypothermia

 What is hypothermia and its symptoms?

 Exposure to cold water for a long time can cause serious health risks as water is and efficient conductor.  The body loses heat more quickly when immersed in water.

 Both hypothermia and hyperthermia are more likely to occur when there is a combination of extreme climatic conditions – heat and humidity, cold and wind.

 Complete Inquiry Activity pg: 445 Outcomes 2

 Exercising at altitude affects the wellbeing of athletes by:  Their ability to perform physical work is affected.  Aerobic performance decreases as there is less oxygen in the air therefore the athlete needs more air to perform the same task as if they were at sea level.

 VO2 max decreases also due to the lack of oxygen.  Lower humidity and air temperatures create temperature regulation problems.  Athletes need to aclimatise to altitude to promote their wellbeing.

 Exercising in pollution affects the wellbeing of athletes by:  Reducing lung function as carbon monoxide decreases the amount of oxygen carried to the muscles.  Can trigger asthma attacks.  Causes respiratory illnesses.

 Exercise leads to fluid loss. Maintaining hydration levels is important to the wellbeing of participants as it reduces the effects of dehydration.  Dehydration impedes performance and contributes to fatigue and heat related illness such as heat stroke.  Glue in the fluid replacement guidelines.

 Page PDHPE Application and Inquiry Read “When the heat is on” and answer critical inquiry questions 1a and b.

 Complete the research and review questions 1- 5 on page 330. Read through the notes in the handout.