Introduction to Matter Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Solids, liquids and gases are matter. Light and sound are NOT matter. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

What is mass? Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter What is mass? Mass is the amount of matter in an object. A gram (g) is a common unit of mass. Objects of the same size can be made up of different amounts of matter. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

How does mass differ from weight? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter How does mass differ from weight? Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object. The greater the mass of an object, the greater the gravitational force on the object and the greater the weight will be. Mass stays the same for an object even when increased or decreased gravitational forces change the weight of the object. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

How are mass and weight measured? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter How are mass and weight measured? A triple-beam balance can be used to determine mass. The balance compares an object’s mass to counter masses. Weight is measured with a scale. The standard scientific unit for weight is the newton (N). A 100-g mass weighs approximately 1 N on Earth. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

How are mass and weight measured?

Volume How is the amount of space occupied by matter measured? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter Volume How is the amount of space occupied by matter measured? Volume is the amount of space that an object takes up, or occupies. A balloon and a bowling ball of the same size have the same volume but very different masses. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

How can volume be determined? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter How can volume be determined? An object’s volume can be determined by a formula if the object has a regular, well-defined shape. For rectangular solids, volume equals the object’s length times width times height, or V = lwh. To calculate volume, all measurements must be in the same units (i.e. cm, m, mm, etc.). Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

How can volume be determined? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter How can volume be determined? Liquid volume is measured with a beaker or graduated cylinder in liters (L) or milliliters (mL). Displacement of water in a graduated cylinder can be used to find the volume of irregular-shaped solid objects. The volume of solids are measured in m³, cm³, km³, mm³, etc… 1 mL = 1 cm3 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

5 mL 5 cm³ How can volume be determined? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter How can volume be determined? How many milliliters of fluid does this object displace? 5 mL What is the volume of the object? 5 cm³ Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Density What is density? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter Density What is density? Density is a measure of the amount of matter in a given volume. The density of a substance remains the same no matter how much of the substance you have. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

How is density determined? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter How is density determined? Density is mass divided by volume, or D = m/v. Common units for expressing density are grams per cubic centimeter or g/cm3. Water has a density of 1 g/mL (liquid volume). Thus, objects with density greater than 1 g/mL will sink in water. Objects with density less than 1 g/mL float in water. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Once you know the density of an object, you can calculate its mass and/or its volume. Density is found by dividing mass by volume (D = m/v). Mass can be found by multiplying volume times density (M = v • d). Volume can be found by dividing mass by density (V= m/d).

Calculate Using The Triangle Chart D = M/V V = M/D M = D x V

Now try the following problems. What is the density of an object that has a mass of 32 g and a volume of 9.2 cm³? __________ g/cm³ What is the density of an object that has a volume of 12.9 cm³ and a mass of 23 g? ____________ g/cm³ What is the volume of an object that has a density of 1.5 g/cm³ and a mass of 13 g? ___________ cm³ What is the volume of an object that has a density of 0.7 g/cm³ and a mass of 14 g? ___________ cm³ What is the mass of an object that has a volume of 17.3 cm³ and a density of 2.7 g/cm³? ___________ g What is the mass of an object that has a density of 3.5 g/cm³ and a volume of 23.8 cm³? ___________ g 3.5 1.8 8.7 20 46.7 83.3

Find the density of the items in the cup on the table and then determine whether they will float or sink in water. Rubberband Mass ______ g / Volume ______cm³ = Density ______ g/cm³ Match Stick Paperclip Cork Vegetable Oil Mass ______ g / Volume ______mL = Density ______ g/cm3 0.63 0.5 1.26 0.12 0.38 0.32 0.5 0.3 1.67 1 2 0.5 8.35 10 0.835