Gayle is…. Former HS social studies teacher Former HS administrator Associate Professor Cohort leader Social Studies Instruction/technology Past President National Council for Social Studies Wife, mother, grandparent and………

SPORTSWOMAN Skiing Mt. Hood, OR Hiking Denali Park, AK Kayaking San Juans, WA

What is Curriculum? Who Creates Curriculum? Pair Share – Talk to the person next to you – Volunteers share your ideas

Curriculum is Recommended (state education departments & content organizations) Written (state standards, teaching manuals) Tested (to determine if schools/students meet criteria) Hidden (taught indirectly) Excluded (left out) Taught Learned

Curriculum is Preplanned Based on theories & research about learning Reflects cultural and political values, economic issues, historic events Integrated with instructional practice Experienced by the learner

Theories of Learning SubjectLearnerCentered BehaviorismConstructivism Direct InstructionInquiry Mastery LearningCooperative Learning Discrete SubjectsProject-Based Learning Standardized TestsAuthentic Assessment

Where is your Teaching on the Continuum? Discuss at your table Share with whole group

Levels of Cultural Influence

Goals of US Curriculum Citizenship and Democracy Equal Educational Opportunities Preparation for Career/College – Career Academies; Advanced Placement, Honors Critical Thinking – Literacy, Numeracy, Analysis Self Realization – Elective courses (arts, humanities, vocational classes)

What are the goals of education in China? Discuss in small groups Report Out

Past and Present Curriculum Forces 18 th -20 th centuries Constitution said states have responsibility for public education State departments of education control curriculum, materials, funding. Great inequality within and between states 21 st century Federal government seeks national standards and “closing the achievement gap” Federal government has increasing control over education through funding and requirements for accountability and special programs

Influenced by Cultural Values & Historic Events 1960’s Civil Rights Movement – School Integration of white, black students Anti-Vietnam War Movement Anti-Poverty Program – Federal $ to improve education of poor students – Federal government begins to have more control 1970’s Women’s Rights Movement – More educational opportunities for females Rights of People with Disabilities – Free, appropriate public education for all students with disabilities Rights of English Language Learners ELL programs

Economic Issues 1980’s Nation At Risk Report said US students could not compete globally – Increased graduation requirements & teacher standards National Educational Goals – US should be first in the world in math, science 1990’s President and business leaders called for national standards to raise student achievement, but states still controlled curriculum and testing

2000-present NCLB Dominates Public Education Expanded role of the federal government and requirement that all states test students at 3, 5, 8, 10 grade Emphasis on standardized tests, sanctions against schools if students fail to make “adequate yearly progress” ml&usg=__qP7ac3v5hDRrXbQXk33hvkDpdw4=&h=351&w=500&sz=70&hl=en&start=6&sig2=6sguiI- 6gG4o3eiWV2LDIw&um=1&tbnid=BzYx5JwYfrPVeM:&tbnh=91&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522nclb%2522%2Bprotest%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Doff%26rlz%3D1G1GGLQ_ENUS264%26sa%3DG%26um%3D1&ei=eM33SbubMYyYtA P3p4WLDw Obama Plan promises more flexibility with accountability for student learning