The Anatomy of a Cell

From the Outside In… Cell Wall rigid structure located on the outside of the cell Function: Support and Protection Found: Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, some Protists Cell Membrane Flexible membrane between the cell and its environment Function: allow nutrients to enter and leave the cell

Nulceus controls the activities of organelles (surrounded by Nulcear Envelope) Nucleolus produces ribosomes Ribosomes produces proteins accoring to directions of DNA Cytoplasm clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum Sites of chemical reactions (SER and RER) Golgi Apparatus flattened stack of tubular membranes that sorts proteins into packages and packs them to be sent to the appropriate destination Vacuolesstorage area for food, enzymes, and other materials

Chloroplasts capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy Lysosomes digests excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria “SUICIDE SAC” Chloroplasts capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy Mitochondria transform energy for the cell “POWER HOUSE”

Microtubule thin, hollow cylinders made of protein Microfilaments smaller, solid protein fibers *together they shape, anchor, and support many organelles *provide a system through which materials move Centrioles play an important role in cell division

Cilia short, numerous projections that look like hairs Flagella longer projections that move in a whip-like motion **Aid in the locomotion of the cell or in feeding