ROCK CYCLE FOUR TYPES OF ROCKS: Magma Magma Metamorphic Metamorphic Igneous Igneous Sedimentary Sedimentary

THE FOUR PROCESS OF ROCK CYCLE Heat & Pressure (Psi) Heat & Pressure (Psi) Cooling Cooling Melting Melting Weathering & Erosion Weathering & Erosion (Cementation & Compaction) (Cementation & Compaction)

DIAGRAM OF THE ROCK CYCLE Full-size image Interactives. The Rock Cycle. Introduction Interactives. The Rock Cycle. Introduction Interactives. The Rock Cycle. Introduction Interactives. The Rock Cycle. Introduction rockcycle / rockcycle /

MINERALS OF THE EARTH Minerals =naturally formed inorganic solid w/ a definite crystalline structure. Minerals =naturally formed inorganic solid w/ a definite crystalline structure.

Four questions will determine whether an object is a mineral or not. Is it Nonliving? Is it Nonliving? Is it a Solid? Is it a Solid? Is it found in Nature? Is it found in Nature? Does it have a Crystalline structure? Does it have a Crystalline structure?

CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE Images for crystalline structure Images for crystalline structure Images for crystalline structure Images for crystalline structure Report images Report imagesReport imagesReport images

TWO GROUPS OF MINERALS SILICATE SILICATE NONSILICATE NONSILICATE

SILICATES Combination of Oxygen & Silicon Combination of Oxygen & Silicon 90% of the earth’s crust 90% of the earth’s crust Al, Fe, Mg, K Al, Fe, Mg, K

NONSILICATES Does not contain a combination of Si (silicon) & O (oxygen). Does not contain a combination of Si (silicon) & O (oxygen). 10% of the earth’s crust 10% of the earth’s crust C, O, Fl, S C, O, Fl, S

IDENTIFYING MINERALS Color Color Luster Luster Streak Streak Cleavage / Fracture Cleavage / Fracture Hardness Hardness Density Density Special Properties Special Properties

MINING Surface Surface -open pits -quarries -surface coal mines Subsurface Subsurface