WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW ABOUT THEM ? ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE.

WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW ABOUT THEM ? ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE. 1.Glaciers are made of ice.

WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW ABOUT THEM ? ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE. 1.Glaciers are made of ice. 2.Glaciers can only be formed during the ice ages.

WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW ABOUT THEM ? ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE. 1.Glaciers are made of ice. 2.Glaciers can only be formed during the ice ages. 3.Due to global warming, all glaciers have melted.

WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW ABOUT THEM ? ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE. 1.Glaciers are made of ice. 2.Glaciers can only be formed during the ice ages. 3.Due to global warming, all glaciers have melted. 4.Glaciers are capable of moving.

A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER CONTINENTIAL GLACIER

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow

TWIN GLACIER IN ALASKA

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow Form when snow & ice build up in high mountain valleys

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow Form when snow & ice build up in high mountain valleys Move down valleys

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow Form when snow & ice build up in high mountain valleys Move down valleys Found on high mountains CONTINENTIAL GLACIER

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow Form when snow & ice build up in high mountain valleys Move down valleys Found on high mountains CONTINENTIAL GLACIER Covers much of continent or large island.

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow Form when snow & ice build up in high mountain valleys Move down valleys Found on high mountains CONTINENTIAL GLACIER Covers much of continent or large island. Larger than valley glacier

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow Form when snow & ice build up in high mountain valleys Move down valleys Found on high mountains CONTINENTIAL GLACIER Covers much of continent or large island. Larger than valley glacier Spread out over large areas

GLACIER IN ICELAND

2 KINDS OF GLACIERS VALLEY GLACIER Long & Narrow Form when snow & ice build up in high mountain valleys Move down valleys Found on high mountains CONTINENTIAL GLACIER Covers much of continent or large island. Larger than valley glacier Spread out over large areas Cover 10% of Earth’s surface

GLACIERS IN THE UNITED STATES

Ice Sheet on Ellesmere Island, Canada Photo credit: Geological Survey of Canada

How do glaciers form?

Form when more snow falls than melts

How do glaciers form? Form when more snow falls than melts Snow builds up year after year

How do glaciers form? Form when more snow falls than melts Snow builds up year after year Pressure compacts the snow to ice at the bottom

How do glaciers form? Form when more snow falls than melts Snow builds up year after year Pressure compacts the snow to ice at the bottom At meters high gravity begins to pull it down hill

GLACIERS MOVE! VALLEY GLACIERS CONTINENTAL GLACIERS

GLACIERS MOVE! VALLEY GLACIERS A few centimeters to a few meters per day CONTINENTAL GLACIERS

GLACIERS MOVE! VALLEY GLACIERS A few centimeters to a few meters per day Can suddenly slip quickly-- called a surge CONTINENTAL GLACIERS

GLACIERS MOVE! VALLEY GLACIERS A few centimeters to a few meters per day Can suddenly slip quickly-- called a surge Suring glaciers can move 6 km/ year CONTINENTAL GLACIERS

GLACIERS MOVE! VALLEY GLACIERS A few centimeters to a few meters per day Can suddenly slip quickly-- called a surge Suring glaciers can move 6 km/ year CONTINENTAL GLACIERS Can flow in all directions Spread out like pancake batter in a frying pan

GLACIERS MOVE! VALLEY GLACIERS A few centimeters to a few meters per day Can suddenly slip quickly-- called a surge Suring glaciers can move 6 km/ year CONTINENTAL GLACIERS

The front of the surging glacier.

The fractured and surging Bering Glacier in Alaska, Oct. 1993, Chugach

GLACIAL EROSION Glaciers can erode the land By PLUCKING As the glacier forms rocks stick to the bottom. As the glacier moves it carries the rocks along with it. Scratching can occur along the way. Bedrock

PLUCKING

HOW DOES PLUCKING HAPPEN?

GLACIAL DEPOSITION

As a glacier melts it deposits the sediment it eroded from the land creating various landforms.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION As a glacier melts it deposits the sediment it eroded from the land creating various landforms. Till is the mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits on the surface.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION As a glacier melts it deposits the sediment it eroded from the land creating various landforms. Till is the mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits on the surface.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION As a glacier melts it deposits the sediment it eroded from the land creating various landforms. Till is the mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits on the surface. Moraine is the till deposited at the edges of a glacier that forms a ridge.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION As a glacier melts it deposits the sediment it eroded from the land creating various landforms. Till is the mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits on the surface. Moraine is the till deposited at the edges of a glacier that forms a ridge.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments. Prairie potholes are shallow depressions in till that were formed by flowing water at the continental glacier melted.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments. Drumlin is a long mound of till that is smoothed in the direction of the glacier’s flow. This happened as ice slid over a moraine.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments. GLACIAL LAKES Glaciers may leave behind large lakes in long basins eroded by plucking and abrasion.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments. Glacial horn form as glaciers carve away the sides of a mountain, the result is a horn, a sharpened peak.

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments. Glacial horn form as glaciers carve away the sides of a mountain, the result is a horn, a sharpened peak. HORN

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments. CIRQUE is a Bowl-shaped hollow eroded by a glacier. HORN

GLACIAL DEPOSITION Still more glacial sediments. CIRQUE is a Bowl-shaped hollow eroded by a glacier. HORN CIRQUE

GLACIER REVIEW How are valley glaciers & continental glaciers different? What are two types of glacial erosion? Describe three features formed by glacial deposition.