Volcanic Landforms & Eruptions

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Presentation transcript:

Volcanic Landforms & Eruptions Section 5.2 & 5.3

There are three types of volcanoes: stratovolcano (or composite), cinder cone volcano, or shield volcano. Types of Volcanoes

Parícutin Cinder cone Volcano

Example:Parícutin Cinder cone Volcano Lava explodes as ash, cinders, and bombs- forming layers of the volcano. Formed by an explosive eruption (high in silica with lots of trapped gases) and high viscosity magma (thick and sticky). Example:Parícutin Cinder cone Volcano

Mauna Loa Shield Volcano

Examples: Mt. Etna, Kilauea, Mauna Loa Lava pours out slowly and hardens on top of other layers. It is formed by quiet eruptions (low in silica) with low viscosity magma (runny, thin, and flows easily). Examples: Mt. Etna, Kilauea, Mauna Loa Shield Volcano

Stratovolcano (Composite) Mt. Fuji Krakatoa Mt. Vesuvius Stratovolcano (Composite)

Stratovolcano (Composite) Alternates between explosive (ash, cinders, bombs, etc.) and quiet lava flows. Examples: Krakatoa, Mt. Fuji, Mount St. Helens, Mt. Vesuvius Stratovolcano (Composite)

Landforms from Lava & Ash The huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain is called a caldera. A mixture of materials (hot gases, ash, cinders, and bombs) that can form a fast-moving cloud that rushes down the side of a volcano is called a pyroclastic flow. Landforms from Lava & Ash

Pyroclastic flow Caldera

Geothermal activity is produced by magma a few kilometers beneath Earth’s surface which heats underground water. Hot springs & geysers are types of geothermal activity that are often found in areas of present or past volcanic activity. Geothermal activity