Reformation Spreads Martin Luther John Calvin King Henry Ignatious Loyola Pope Paul III.

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Presentation transcript:

Reformation Spreads Martin Luther John Calvin King Henry Ignatious Loyola Pope Paul III

B. Henry Breaks From the Church 1.Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy – 1534 a. creates the Church of England b. places King at head of Church

A. Calvin created a system of Protestant theology 1. Institutes of the Christian Religion – 1536  Original Sin (human nature bad)  The Elect (only ones saved)  Predestination

B. Geneva, Switz. (The City of God) 1.est. theocracy – The Consistory – enforced strict doctrines of the Calvinist faith

C. Calvinism Spreads 1. very successful at spreading throughout northern & western Europe no rigid hierarchy organized into “cells” Church can be held anywhere 2. Scottish, Swiss, Dutch, French, & English reformers all adopt a Calvinist form of church organization

A. Teachings 1. adult baptism only 2. separation of church & state

A. The Church Launches a 3-Pronged Attack 1. Stem tide of Protestantism 2. Redefine/ Clarify Church Beliefs 3. Spread Catholicism around World

B. Stem the Tide of Protestantism 1. The Inquisition developed a. find, try, & punish heretics 2. The Index of Forbidden Books a. certain books to be banned/ burned

C. Redefine/ Clarify Church’s Teachings 1. Council of Trent called by Pope Paul III – 1545 a. Church’s interpretation of Bible was final b. Faith AND Good Works c. Church & Bible were both acceptable authorities d. Indulgences were acceptable (but false selling of these were forbidden) e. Latin official language of Church

D. Spread Catholicism Around World 1. Ignatius Loyola est. the Society of Jesus (Jesuits)– 1540s 2. Est. several schools & universities around world to a. educate the clergy b. spread Catholic doctrine

a. Protestant churches continued to spring up and flourish b. Europe thrust into a series of long and costly “religious wars” (esp. in Germany) c. Led to beginning of idea of religious tolerance (Peace of Augsburg- 1555) d. Europe no longer united under one religion e. Individual monarchs of new nations gained more power as the power of the Church declined f. Opened the door for future revolts against political authority (revolutions) g. Europe was geographically divided: to the North was Protestant, to the South, Catholic