Journal # 6 12/04/12 What are some ways to take care of your skin?

Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails (2:06) Click here to launch video Click here to download print activity

Taking care of your skin, hair, and nails helps keep your whole body healthy.

epidermis dermis melanin sebaceous glands hair follicles melanoma

Your Skin Skin protects you from pathogens, regulates your body temperature, and helps you feel sensations. Skin is the largest organ on the human body.

Your Skin The skin consists of two main layers, the epidermis and the dermis. Epidermis The outer, thinner layer of the skin that is composed of living and dead cells

Your Skin Just underneath the epidermis is the dermis. Dermis The thicker layer of the skin beneath the epidermis that is made up of connective tissue and contains blood vessels and nerves

Your Skin Cells in the epidermis make substances called lipids, which make your skin waterproof. This waterproofing helps the body maintain a proper balance of water and electrolytes.

Your Skin The more melanin that your body produces, the darker the skin. Melanin A pigment that gives the skin, hair, and iris of the eyes their color

Your Skin Three Main Functions of Skin Protection Temperature Control Sensation

Your Skin Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous Layer

Your Skin hair dead epidermis living epidermis sweat pore sebaceous gland hair follicle muscle duct of sweat gland sweat gland artery vein nerve fat tissue

Your Skin Sebaceous glands are also found in the dermis. Sebum helps keep skin and hair from drying out. Sebaceous glands Structures within the skin that produce an oily secretion called sebum

Keeping Your Skin Healthy A daily routine will keep your skin healthy.

Keeping Your Skin Healthy Choose personal skin care products carefully to avoid irritation and the chance of allergic reaction. Avoid touching your face with your hands. Wash your face every morning and evening with mild soap and water. Tips for Keeping Your Skin Healthy Follow a well-balanced eating plan that is rich in vitamins and minerals.

Keeping Your Skin Healthy An eating plan rich in vitamin A will promote healthy skin.

UV Protection Tanned skin is a sign that skin has been damaged by UV rays. Prolonged exposure to UV rays can lead to skin cancer.

UV Protection Wear protective clothing. Apply sunscreen 15 to 30 minutes before going outside, even on cloudy days. Always wear sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher on exposed areas of skin. UV Protection Tips Wear sunglasses. Avoid using tanning beds, as prolonged exposure can lead to skin cancer.

Body Piercing and Tattooing Health Risks of Body Piecing and Tattooing Infections from bacteria Viruses from blood- borne pathogens Damage to mouth and teeth Limit future job opportunities and relationships

Skin Problems Acne occurs when clogged pores become infected and pus forms. Keep your face clean. Apply over-the-counter treatments. Avoid oily products and heavy makeup. See a doctor if necessary.

Skin Problems Warts are caused by viruses and can be spread through direct physical contact.

Skin Problems Dermatitis, or eczema, is inflamed skin usually caused by an allergic reaction. Keep your skin well moisturized to reduce irritation. See a doctor if necessary.

Skin Problems Boils form when hair follicles become infected. Do not burst or squeeze a boil. Hair follicles Sacs or cavities that surround the roots of hairs

Skin Problems Fungal infections are spread by contact with skin, clothing, or in public showers. Keep skin clean and dry and treat with over-the- counter medicines.

Skin Problems Vitiligo occurs when patches of skin lose melanin and have no pigment. Keep affected areas covered to avoid burns.

Skin Problems Moles are usually harmless, but they can develop into melanoma, which can be deadly. Melanoma The most serious form of skin cancer

Skin Problems Early detection and treatment are critical in controlling the spread of melanoma. Regularly checking the appearance of your moles is important for the early detection of melanoma.

Skin Problems The ABCD’S of Melanoma Asymmetry Border Irregularity Color Diameter An imaginary line drawn through the center of the mole does not produce matching halves. Non-cancerous moles have smooth edges. Suspect moles often have irregular edges. Look for moles that are intensely black, possibly with a bluish tint, or that have an uneven color. Check for moles that are wider across than the width of a pea.

Skin Problems ABCD Asymmetry Border Irregularity ColorDiameter

Your Hair Your hair protects your skin from UV radiation and helps maintain body heat. Hair grows on every surface of the skin, except for the palms of the hand and the soles of the feet.

Your Hair Hair protects the skin from UV radiation and prevents loss of heat from the body. The eyebrows and eyelashes protect the eyes from dust and other particles.

Your Hair Shampoo regularly. Brush daily. Eat a well-balanced diet. Protecting Your Hair Limit the use of harsh chemical treatments. Avoid excessive use of heating irons or hot combs.

Hair Problems Dandruff Avoiding Dandruff Treating Dandruff Dead skin cells that are shed as sticky white flakes. Keep your hair clean. Use over-the-counter dandruff shampoo.

Hair Problems Head Lice Avoiding Head Lice Treating Head Lice Tiny parasitic insects that live in scalp hair. Don’t share brushes, combs, or hats. Use a medicated shampoo to kill the organisms.

Your Nails Nails help protect your fingers and toes. Your fingernails and toenails are made of closely packed dead cells that contain keratin.

Your Nails Any cut, split, or break of the skin surrounding the nail should be kept clean and treated with antibiotic ointment to avoid infection.

Your Nails Keep cuticles pushed back. Keep nails clean and evenly trimmed. Protecting Your Nails Trim toenails straight across and just slightly above the skin level. Keep nails short. Use a nail file to shape and smooth nails.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary Melanin is a pigment that gives the skin, hair, and iris of the eye their color. A hair follicle is a sac surrounding the hair root. 1.Define the terms melanin and hair follicle.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary 2.Explain the causes of acne. How is acne treated? Acne is caused by clogged skin pores. Treatment includes: washing the face gently twice a day; applying over-the-counter treatment creams; avoiding the use of oily products or too much makeup; not touching and picking at the skin; and prescription medications for extreme cases.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary 3.What viruses can you potentially contract through getting a tattoo? Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV