VEGETATION ANALYSIS

DEFINITION VEGETATION ANALYSIS IS THE WAY TO STUDY SPECIES COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF PLANT COMMUNITY VEG. ANALYSIS

VEGETATION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES SPECIES COMPOSITION VEGETATION STRUCTURE AREA SAMPLING VEGETATION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES UNIT SAMPLING SIZE UNIT SAMPLING FORM UNIT SAMPLING SETTING VEG. ANALYSIS

SIZE AND FORM OF SAMPLING UNIT VEGETATION SIZE DENSITY SPECIES DIVERSITY LIFE FORM SU SIZE CONSIDERATION SEMI OBJECTIVE WAY SPECIES CURVE AREA 1. MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE UNIT ? 2. MINIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLE UNIT ? THE SHAPE OF SAMPLE PLOT CONSIDERATION EASY TO LAYOUT EFFICIENCY OF SAMPLING SQUARE STRIP (RECTANGULAR) CIRCLE VEG. ANALYSIS

TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES (CUMULATIVE) EXAMPLES : SAMPLE PLOT (S.P) 1 (1M2) : 11 SPECIES S.P. 2 (4M2) : 15 SPECIES S.P. 3 (8M2) : 17 SPECIES S.P. 4 (16M2) : 19 SPECIES S.P. 5 (32M2) : 20 SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 m n 8 16 32 A 10 20 SAMPLE PLOT AREA (m2) TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES (CUMULATIVE) VEG. ANALYSIS

HOW TO PUT SAMPLE PLOT 1. RANDOM SAMPLING 2. SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING MORE PRACTICAL MORE APPROXIMATION TO STAND CHARACHTERISTIC 3. PURPOSIVE SAMPLING VEG. ANALYSIS

GROWTH STAGE CRITERIA SEEDLING : GERMINATION UNTIL H<1,5 M SAPLING : H>1,5 M UNTIL D<10 CM POLE : DIAMETER BETWEEN 10 CM UNTIL < 35 CM TREE : DIAMETER  35 CM GROUND COVER : WITH EXCEPTION OF TREE REGENERATION VEG. ANALYSIS

SUB-PLOT SIZE OF VARIOUS GROWTH STAGE NESTED SAMPLING 1 2 3 4 (1) SEEDLING AND GROUND COVER : 2 X 2 M2, 2 X 5 M2, 1 X 1 M2 (2) SAPLING : 5 X 5 M2 (3) POLE : 10 X 10 M2 (4) TREE : 20 X 20 M2 VEG. ANALYSIS

MEASURED VEGETATION PARAMETER IN THE FIELD SPECIES NAME NUMBER OF INDIVIDU CROWN DIAMETER STEM DIAMETER : DIAMETER AT BREAST-HEIGHT (DBH) DIAMETER AT 20 CM ABOVE STAND ROOT DIAMETER AT 20 CM ABOVE TOP OF AERIAL ROOT TOTAL TREE HEIGHT AND TREE BOLE HEIGHT STEM LOCATION VEG. ANALYSIS

VEGETATION ANALYSIS METHOD A. COMPARTMENT METHOD 1. QUADRAT METHOD 1.1. SINGLE COMPARTMENT 1.2. DOUBLE COMPARTMENT 2. TRANSECT METHOD 3. LINE COMPARTMENT METHOD 4. COMBINATION BETWEEN TRANSECT AND LINE COMPARTMENT METHOD VEG. ANALYSIS

VEGETATION ANALYSIS METHOD B. PLOTLESS METHOD 1. BITTERLICH METHOD 2. POINT QUARTER METHOD 3. RANDOM PAIR METHOD 4. LINE INTERCEPT METHOD 5. POINT INTERCEPT METHOD VEG. ANALYSIS

A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued) A.1. Quarter Method A.1.1. SINGLE COMPARTMENT 10M 5M 2M 40M 20M VEG. ANALYSIS

A.1. Quarter Method (Continued) A.1.2. DOUBLE COMPARTMENT RANDOM SISTEMATIC VEG. ANALYSIS

A.2. Transect Method 20 m 10 m 2 m 5 m VEG. ANALYSIS

A.3. Line Kompartment Method x m 2 m 5 m 10 m VEG. ANALYSIS

A.4. Combination between Transect and Line Compartment Method VEG. ANALYSIS

A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued) TALLY SHEET FOR SEEDLINGS AND SAPLINGS Quadrat Species N (ind) 1 ... 2 n VEG. ANALYSIS

A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued) TALLY SHEET FOR POLES AND TREES Quadrat Species Diameter (cm) Height (m) 1 ... 2 n VEG. ANALYSIS

A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued) Summary of vegetation Analysis by the Quadrat Sampling Technique Species Density (ind/ha) Relative Density Frequ-ency (%) Relative Frequ-ency Domi-nance (m2/ha) Relative Domi-nance (%) Importance Valur A B C D ... VEG. ANALYSIS

DATA ANALYSIS FOR QUADRAT SAMPLING TECHNIQUE VEG. ANALYSIS

DATA ANALYSIS FOR QUADRAT SAMPLING TECHNIQUE (Continued) VEG. ANALYSIS

B. Plotless Sampling Technique B.1. BITTERLICH METHOD 66 CM 2 CM Bitterlich Stick VEG. ANALYSIS

B.1. Bitterlich Method (Continued) Tally Sheet of Bitterlich Method Species Sampling Points Total Average Basal Area 1 2 3 ... n VEG. ANALYSIS

B.1. Bitterlich Method (Continued) DATA ANALYSIS BA = x 2,3 (m2/ha) N n BA = BASAL AREA; 2.3 = BITTERLICH STICK FACTOR VEG. ANALYSIS

B.2. Point Quarter Method d3 d1 d2 d4 VEG. ANALYSIS

B.2. Point Quarter Method (Continued) TALLY SHEET OF POINT QUARTER METHOD Sampling Point Species Quadrat 1 Quadrat 2 Quadrat 3 Quadrat 4 D (cm) H (m) d (m) VEG. ANALYSIS

B.2. Point Quarter Method (Continued) Data Analysis Total density of all species = Unit area (mean point-to-plant distance)2 Relative Density = Individuals of a species Total individuals of all species X 100 Density = Relative density of a species 100 X total density of all species Dominance = density of species X average dominance value for species Relative Dominance = Dominance for a species Total dominance for all species X 100 VEG. ANALYSIS

B.2. Point Quarter Method (Continued) Data Analysis (Continued) Frequency = Number of points at which species occurs Total number of points sampled Relative Frequency = Frequncy value for a species Total of frequency values for all species X 100 Importance Value = relative density + relative dominance + relative frequncy VEG. ANALYSIS

B.3. Ramdom Pairs Method Individual nearest to point Measured distance 90 Random point Nearest neighbor in opposite 180o sector VEG. ANALYSIS

B.3. Ramdom Pairs Method (Continued) Sampling Points Species D (cm) H (m) d VEG. ANALYSIS

B.3. Ramdom Pairs Method (Continued) DATA ANALYSIS Total density of all species = Unit area (0.80 X mean point-to-plant distance)2 Absolute and relative values for density, dominance, and frequency and the importance value may be determined by the formulas previously given for the point-quarter method VEG. ANALYSIS

B.4. Line Intercept Method 50 – 100 kaki ( 1 kaki = 30,48 cm) Pita Ukur x m x m x m x m TALLY SHEET OF LINE INTERCEPT METHOD Species Interval 1 2 3 .... N VEG. ANALYSIS

B.4. Line Intercept Method (Continued) DATA ANALYSIS Relative density = Total individuals of a species Total individuals of all species X 100 Dominance or cover (as % of ground surface) Total of intercept lengths for a species Total transect lenght X 100 = Relative dominance = Total of intercept lengths for a species Total of intercept lenghts for all species X 100 VEG. ANALYSIS

B.4. Line Intercept Method (Continued) DATA ANALYSIS Frequency = Intervals in which species occurs Total number of transect intervals X 100 Relative frequency = Frequency value for a species Total of frequrncy values for all species X 100 Importance Value = relative density + relative dominance + relative frequncy VEG. ANALYSIS

B.5. Point Intercept Method kawat 110 cm 10 cm 10 cm VEG. ANALYSIS

B.5. Point Intercept Method (Continued) TALLY SHEET OF POINT INTERCEPT METHOD Species Random Point Intercept 1 2 3 .... N VEG. ANALYSIS

B.2. Point Intercept Method (Continued) Data Analysis Number of point intercept for a species Total of point intercept for all species Dominance = X 100 Dominance values of a species Dominance values of all species Relative Dominance = X 100 Absolute and relative values for density, and frequency and the importance value may be determined by the formulas previously given for the quadrat sampling technique VEG. ANALYSIS

thank you VEG. ANALYSIS