Review of TERRA developments within COLOBOC J. Helmert, H. Asensio, G. Vogel, M. Lange, B. Ritter

Deutscher Wetterdienst Task 4: Revision of TERRA and the associated look-up tables Gather and integrate tested developments of TERRA in official COSMO code - V /11/30 Define a consolidated set of look-up tables EXTPAR (ECOCLIMAP, GLOBCOVER) Find and validate an ‘optimal’ reference configuration of TERRA, using the external parameters developed within task 3.2 with the consolidated look-up tables Benefit: Unification of physics in TERRA standalone, GME, and COSMO Appropriate configuration for all climate regions Tasks

 Adaption of improvements in TERRA standalone (F. Ament - ZMAW University Hamburg) into COSMO source code - V /11/30  Incorporation of enhanced external parameters (min. stom. resistance, emissivity, NDVI climatology, clim. soil temperature) – EXTPAR system  Adaptions of look-up tables (ensure backward compatibility) – EXTPAR system  Impact of adaptions in TERRA on soil moisture analysis (SMA) in COSMO-EU (DWD) has to be considered Background

Global experiments with GME

Long-term trend T2M-Bias

Aerosol climatology Emissivity Vegetation climatology (LAI, PLCOV) Minimum stomatal resistance (GLC2000, ECOCLIMAP) Vegetation type albedo Non-uniform root distribution GME configuration

External Parameters GME

PRS_MIN/LAI_MX ROUTI PRS_MIN = 150 s/m Small values = efficient evapotranspiration

PRS_MIN/LAI June ROUTI 2007-

PRS_MIN/LAI June EXP Masson (2003) - Ecoclimap

Albedo (snow free): Vegetation albedo ROUTI

EXP 7750 Masson (2003) - Ecoclimap Albedo (snow free): Vegetation albedo EXP

Global Verification

Europe East Sibiria North America EXP 7750 ECOCLIMAP+ALBEDO UTC i192f Tropics Africa Tropics America Global Verification SK: -6.03SK: -5.68SK: 1.02 SK: -11.7SK: -6.36SK: SK: -8.00SK: -9.8SK: SK: 1.99 SK: 2.62 SK: 0.37 SK: 3.64 SK: 5.78SK: 0.78

PRS/LAI ratio and vegetation type albedo have strong impact on the split-up of fluxes Positive impact on T_2M and TD_2M in temperate zones Neutral or small negative impact in tropics Since March 2011: Soil moisture analysis (SMA) in GME Conclusions of GME EXP 7750

Bias and Stdev T2m over Europe, avg(12, 15 GMT) Soil moisture content over Europe, top layers Soil moisture content over Europe, bottom layers M. Lange Europe T2m Bias decreased by SMA Soil moisture increase during summer! Running time (2009)

GME-SMA EXP 109/ Experiments SMA-Monitoring (M. Lange)

Validation Europe T2M Bias and StdvSMA Incr. Mean and Stdv bottom layers SMA Incr. Mean and Stdv top layers

Validation Europe T2M Bias and StdvSMA Incr. Mean and Stdv bottom layers Soil moisture W_SO (mm) top layers

soil moisture: level 4 Validation

soil moisture: level 5 Validation

latent heat flux Validation

sensible heat flux Validation

Verification EUR T2M PS TD2MD TMINTMAX DD FF DD TMIN TMAX VW BIAS RMSE

COSMO Experiments

Aerosol climatology Emissivity Vegetation climatology (LAI, PLCOV) Minimum stomatal resistance (ECOCLIMAP) Vegetation type albedo COSMO-DE with 65 vertical levels (EXP 8010) Summer period : Non-uniform root distribution Ground water with upward diffusion Soil moisture dependent heat conductivity Start with new model initialisation Tested adaptions in int2lm and TERRA EXP 7928/8010

Verification CEU BIAS

Verification CEU RMSE

Verification CDE

History CLM Study (ETH)

History CLM Study (ETH)

Validation AOD July 2010 Tegen, 1997 Tanre,1984

Aerosol climatology – could explain increase in T2M-Bias Emissivity Vegetation climatology (LAI, PLCOV) GLOBCOVER 2009 land use data Minimum stomatal resistance (ECOCLIMAP) Vegetation type albedo Summer period : Non-uniform root distribution Ground water with upward diffusion Soil moisture dependent heat conductivity Start with new model initialisation (8310 ROUTI config CTRL) Tested adaptions in int2lm and TERRA EXP 8309/8310

Verification EXP vs CTRL T2M PS TD2MD TMINTMAX DD FF DD TMIN TMAX VW BIAS RMSE 8309/ UTC

Verification EXP vs CTRL T2M PS TD2MD TMINTMAX DD FF DD TMIN TMAX VW BIAS RMSE 8309/ UTC

Verification EXP vs ROUTI T2M PS TD2MD TMINTMAX DD FF DD TMIN TMAX VW BIAS RMSE 8309/ROUTI 00 UTC

Verification EXP vs ROUTI T2M PS TD2MD TMINTMAX DD FF DD TMIN TMAX VW BIAS RMSE 8309/ROUTI 12 UTC

Results from GME experiments suggest that soil moisture analysis (SMA) has a large impact on the results Difficulties for parameterization changes to outperform SMA Impact of model initialisation is important Improved post-processing required to avoid experiment initialisation from large-scale models Benefit: Unified land-surface scheme for global, regional, and stand-alone application Conclusions and Outlook

Verification