3 Climate and Vegetation Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY QUIT Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Main Ideas What you will learn in this chapter Summary Summary of the chapter GeoGame Test your geographic knowledge by playing the GeoGame.

3 Climate and Vegetation • • Chapter Main Ideas PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Main Ideas Section 1: Seasons and Weather GRAPHIC Seasons and weather occur because of the changing position of the earth in relation to the sun. Weather extremes are related to location on the earth. • Section 2: Climate Climate reflects the seasonal patterns of weather for a location over a long period of time. • Global climatic changes may be natural or human-made. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation • • Chapter Main Ideas PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Main Ideas Section 3: World Climate Regions Temperature and precipitation define climate regions. Broad climate definitions help to identify variations in weather at a location over the course of a year. • Section 4: Soils and Vegetation GRAPHIC Soil and climate help to determine the vegetation of a region. • Human land use alters the vegetation in both positive and negative ways.

3 Climate and Vegetation Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY QUIT Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Main Ideas What you will learn in this chapter Summary Summary of the chapter GeoGame Test your geographic knowledge by playing the GeoGame.

3 Climate and Vegetation Seasons and Weather Chapter Summary HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Summary Seasons and Weather Seasons occur because of the earth’s revolution and tilt. Weather is the condition of the atmosphere on a daily basis. Weather extremes disrupt normal patterns of living. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Climate Chapter Summary PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Summary Climate Climate is the atmospheric condition over a long period of time. Climate is affected by wind and ocean currents, latitude, elevation, and topography. Global climate changes include El Niño and the greenhouse effect. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation World Climate Regions Chapter Summary HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Summary World Climate Regions There are five basic climate regions: tropical, dry, mid-latitude, high latitude, and highland. The two most significant factors in climate are temperature and precipitation. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Soils and Vegetation Chapter Summary HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Summary Soils and Vegetation Soil characteristics include texture, depth, and humus content. Soil and climate are major influences on vegetation regions. Vegetation patterns are based on ecosystems.

3 Climate and Vegetation Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY QUIT Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK Main Ideas What you will learn in this chapter Summary Summary of the chapter GeoGame Test your geographic knowledge by playing the GeoGame.

3 Climate and Vegetation 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame Review what you’ve learned in this chapter with the GeoGame Challenge! 5 points Places & Terms Choose a category. Answer the question and keep score of the points you earn. Click “GeoGame Home” to choose a different category. 10 points Seasons and Weather 10 points Climate 10 points Soils and Vegetation 20 points Geographic Challenge

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 1. In what type of situation would it be more important to know about weather instead of climate? It is more important to consider weather when daily activities are concerned. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 2. How are climate and weather related? Weather is a daily activity and is part of the overall climate pattern. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 3. Which terms deal with types of vegetation? ecosystem, biome, rain forest, and savanna continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 4. What role does convection play in precipitation? Precipitation is the result of the convection movement of warm, moist air. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 5. What deals with increases in average global temperature? greenhouse effect continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 6. What has to do with dramatic changes in Pacific Ocean water temperature? El Niño continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 7. What is the relative location of rain forests? Rain forests are found near the equator in North and South America, Africa, and Asia. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Places & Terms (5 points each) 8. What does savanna have in common with steppe and prairie? They are all terms for grasslands in different regions of the world.

3 Climate and Vegetation 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame Review what you’ve learned in this chapter with the GeoGame Challenge! 5 points Places & Terms Choose a category. Answer the question and keep score of the points you earn. Click “GeoGame Home” to choose a different category. 10 points Seasons and Weather 10 points Climate 10 points Soils and Vegetation 20 points Geographic Challenge

3 Climate and Vegetation Seasons and Weather (10 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Seasons and Weather (10 points each) 1. What causes the changing seasons on earth? earth’s revolution and tilt continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Seasons and Weather (10 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Seasons and Weather (10 points each) 2. What are the major factors that cause weather? solar energy, water vapor, cloud cover, landforms and bodies of water, elevation, and air movement continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Seasons and Weather (10 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Seasons and Weather (10 points each) 3. What are the different types of precipitation? convection, orographic, and frontal

3 Climate and Vegetation 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame Review what you’ve learned in this chapter with the GeoGame Challenge! 5 points Places & Terms Choose a category. Answer the question and keep score of the points you earn. Click “GeoGame Home” to choose a different category. 10 points Seasons and Weather 10 points Climate 10 points Soils and Vegetation 20 points Geographic Challenge

3 Climate and Vegetation Climate (10 points each) Chapter GeoGame HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Climate (10 points each) 1. How do ocean currents affect climate? By moving warm water from one location to another, and winds blowing over the warm waters transfer the heat to new locations. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Climate (10 points each) Chapter GeoGame HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Climate (10 points each) 2. What might be some causes of global warming? Causes include a natural cycle change or the introduction of heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere by humans. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Climate (10 points each) Chapter GeoGame HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Climate (10 points each) 3. What are the five basic climate regions? tropical, mid-latitude, high latitude, dry, and highland

3 Climate and Vegetation 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame Review what you’ve learned in this chapter with the GeoGame Challenge! 5 points Places & Terms Choose a category. Answer the question and keep score of the points you earn. Click “GeoGame Home” to choose a different category. 10 points Seasons and Weather 10 points Climate 10 points Soils and Vegetation 20 points Geographic Challenge

3 Climate and Vegetation Soils and Vegetation (10 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Soils and Vegetation (10 points each) 1. How does climate affect soil? Climate may affect soil depth, texture, weathering, humus, and acidity. continued . . .

3 Climate and Vegetation Soils and Vegetation (10 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Soils and Vegetation (10 points each) 2. How are forestlands defined? Forestlands are defined by the type of trees found there: deciduous, coniferous, or mixed.

3 Climate and Vegetation 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame Review what you’ve learned in this chapter with the GeoGame Challenge! 5 points Places & Terms Choose a category. Answer the question and keep score of the points you earn. Click “GeoGame Home” to choose a different category. 10 points Seasons and Weather 10 points Climate 10 points Soils and Vegetation 20 points Geographic Challenge

3 Climate and Vegetation Geographic Challenge (20 points each) Chapter HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame GeoGame Home Geographic Challenge (20 points each) 1. How might the climate of an area be affected by global warming? Global warming might change temperature and precipitation patterns.

3 Climate and Vegetation 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points HOME Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Climate and Vegetation GEOGRAPHY SKILLS HANDBOOK GeoGame Review what you’ve learned in this chapter with the GeoGame Challenge! 5 points Places & Terms Choose a category. Answer the question and keep score of the points you earn. Click “GeoGame Home” to choose a different category. 10 points Seasons and Weather 10 points Climate 10 points Soils and Vegetation 20 points Geographic Challenge