Unit 1 Unit 1 HUGS

Learning Target LT: I can identify and apply the 5 Themes of Geography. HW: finish your 5 Themes packet

Five Themes of Geography 1.Location 2.Place 3.Human-Environment Interaction 4.Spatial Interactions/Movement 5.Region

1. Location: Where is this place? 1. Absolute Location: A place’s position on the globe (latitude/longitude coordinates) Example: The absolute location of Blaine High School is: Latitude:N 45° 11' “ Longitude:W 93° 15' " Lat N (45 degrees.11 minutes. 56 seconds) Long W (93 degrees.15 minutes 47 seconds) OR Latitude:N 45° ' Longitude:W 93° ‘

1. Location: Where is this place? 2. Relative Location (or Situation) : A place’s location compared to other places Example: ●The relative location of BHS is between Hwy 65 & Bunker Hills Golf Course.

2. Place: What makes this place unique? 1. Physical Features: Landforms, climate Example: Physical features at Blaine High School include different elevations as the school is located on two floors. BHS has a moderate climate, as it is about 70 degrees here year round. It is surrounded by deciduous woods.

2. Place: What makes this place unique? 2. Human Features: Population, language, economy, customs/beliefs ● Example: Human features at BHS include a population of about 140 students, and about 25 teachers. People at BHS speak mainly English. But some speak a variety of languages including Somali, Hmong, Russian, Tagalog, and of course French, German, Spanish, and more. There are a variety of customs and beliefs at BHS, but we one common belief is in success and college-readiness.

The problem with a modern day ‘place’... ‘Placelessness’: when places lack diversity, significance, and a sense of place for people.

3. Human-Environment Interaction ● How do humans interact with their environment in this place? ● Positive Interactions: recycling, planting trees, conserving resources ● Negative Interactions: pollution, over harvesting resources, wasting resources ● Example: ●At BHS our positive interactions include: recycling bins in all the halls and classrooms, an increased emphasis in becoming computer based, conserving energy and space by sharing classrooms. ●At BHS, our negative interactions with the environment. We use non-renewable energy to heat the building, and print a LOT of paper which can be a waste of electricity and paper. A lot of food and classroom supplies end up in the trash especially at the end of the school year.

4. Spatial Interactions or Movement ●How do people, ideas, and goods move throughout this place? ●Movement of people: major way in which people travel ●Movement of goods: imports/exports ●Movement of ideas: the ways in which people communicate with each other ●Diffusion: the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time. ●Hearth (or node): The place which an innovation originates from.

Types of Diffusion 1)Relocation Diffusion: the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

Example of Relocation Diffusion When Hmong refugees came to MN, they brought their language, religion, and customs with them.

Types of Diffusion 1)Relocation Diffusion: 1)Expansion Diffusion: the spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process. There are three types of expansion diffusion: a) Hierarchical diffusion: spread of an idea from persons of authority or power to other persons. (political leaders and social elites) a) Contagious diffusion: rapid widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population. (users have simultaneous access to same info online) a) Stimulus diffusion: spread of a part of an idea to create an innovative product. (innovative ideas by Apple’s have been adopted by competitors)

Example of Hierarchical Diffusion When a celebrity starts a fashion trend and this trend slowly becomes popular throughout the United States. Usually, hierarchical diffusion starts in big urban areas (NYC, LA, etc.), then spreads to smaller cities/suburbs, and then lastly to rural areas. ChaChi from “Happy Days” What is this called?

Example of Contagious Diffusion 1. The spread of a disease throughout an area. 2. When information is leaked on the internet and people all over the world can view it right away.

Example of Stimulus Diffusion McDonalds throughout the world: McDonalds throughout the world: McDonalds still has the same ‘fast food theme’ and Golden arches throughout the world, but the foods and other things may change to fit the culture of the place it is in. McDonald’s success also inspired a growth of competitors who used their food assembly model.

It’s Your Turn... With a partner, spend 3-4 minutes coming up with other examples of each type of diffusion. Be ready to share with the class! 1.Relocation diffusion 2.Expansion diffusion: hierarchical diffusion, contagious diffusion, stimulus diffusion

5. Region ● How are places similar to and different from other places? ● A region derives its unified character through the cultural landscape (a combination of cultural features such as language and religion, economic features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation). ● There are 3 main types of regions

Everyone will get a map...

Step One: Label each of the following: ● Minnesota ● California ● Texas ● Florida ● Alaska 1.How do you know where each of these places are located?

This is an example of a Formal Region: an area within which everyone shares at least one common characteristic that can be measured or defined ● Example: people in Minnesota identify as a Minnesotan because they live within certain political boundaries

Formal Regions: Election Results

Step Two: Circle and label each region of the United States on the map ● Example: the midwest, the south, the great plains, etc. 1.Share out where you put your regions and why you put them where you did. 1.Compare your map with a neighbor. Is there map the exact same as yours? What differences do you see? Why are there differences?

This is known as a Vernacular (perceptual) region: is a place that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity. ● examples:

Vernacular Region: “The South”

Step Three: Shade in the region where: ● Most people are Minnesota Vikings fans ● Most people are Green Bay Packer fans ● Most people are New England Patriot fans 1.Compare and share with a neighbor. 2.Why did you choose the regions that you did? 3.What is the CENTER of ‘Viking territory’? ‘Packer territory’? ‘Patriot territory’?

This is an example of a Functional region (or Nodal region): is an area organized around a node or focal point. The characteristic chosen to define this region dominates at a central focus and diminishes in importance outward. ● Node: center of influence ● Distance decay: the farther the distance from the node, the less likely an area is to be influenced by the node. ● Example: see next slide...

Facebook survey of Football fans

Functional Region: Television Stations