Self-esteem: The overall way we evaluate ourselves. Self-esteem: The overall way we evaluate ourselves. Emotional development is characterized by Emotional development is characterized by Increased interest in self-portrayal Increased interest in self-portrayal Search for an identity Search for an identity Emotional swings Emotional swings The Self and Emotional Development in Adolescence

ADOLESCENT PROBLEMS

Broad concept = minor infractions to murder Broad concept = minor infractions to murder Males = 80% Males = 80% Females increasing Females increasing More males than females are arrested More males than females are arrested Property offenses are committed more than any other crime, by both sexes Property offenses are committed more than any other crime, by both sexes 1. Juvenile Delinquency

Top 10 Juvenile Delinquent Acts 10. motor vehicle theft 10. motor vehicle theft 9.burglary 9.burglary 8.robbery 8.robbery 7.arson 7.arson 6.running away,truancy 6.running away,truancy 5.larceny, theft 4.vandalism 3.drug possession, distribution 2.underage drinking 1.breaking curfew

Causes of Delinquency Heredity Heredity Identity problems Identity problems Community influences Community influences Family experiences Family experiences Lower class culture Lower class culture Antisocial peer groups and gangs Antisocial peer groups and gangs Poor grades Poor grades High absenteeism High absenteeism Status given for antisocial behavior High crime areas have criminal role models Community resources are inadequate Family drug abuse, alcoholism, and conflict Poor self esteem

2. Suicide 2. Suicide Suicide is the third leading cause of death among 13- to 19-year-olds in U.S. Suicide is the third leading cause of death among 13- to 19-year-olds in U.S. Females are more likely to attempt suicide Females are more likely to attempt suicide Males are more likely to commit suicide Males are more likely to commit suicide Males use more lethal means than females Males use more lethal means than females Suicide is affected by genetic and emotional factors Suicide is affected by genetic and emotional factors

3. Drugs and alcohol How many adolescents drink to intoxication at least once per month? How many adolescents drink to intoxication at least once per month? 25% 25% How many teens are regular smokers? How many teens are regular smokers? 22% 22% Used crack, cocaine, or heroine? Used crack, cocaine, or heroine? 14% 14% Daily marijuana users? Daily marijuana users? 4% 4%

Alcohol More than five million high school students binge drink (consume five or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting) at least once a month. More than five million high school students binge drink (consume five or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting) at least once a month.

Individuals who begin drinking before age 15 are four times more likely to become alcohol dependent than those who begin drinking at age 21. Individuals who begin drinking before age 15 are four times more likely to become alcohol dependent than those who begin drinking at age 21.

The prevalence of lifetime alcohol abuse is greatest for those who begin drinking at age 14 The prevalence of lifetime alcohol abuse is greatest for those who begin drinking at age 14

One-third of 6th and 9th graders obtain alcohol from their own homes. One-third of 6th and 9th graders obtain alcohol from their own homes.

Marijuana Marijuana is the Nation's most commonly used illicit drug. NOT ANY MORE… Prescription Drugs now Marijuana is the Nation's most commonly used illicit drug. NOT ANY MORE… Prescription Drugs now In 2001, marijuana was used by 76% of current illicit drug users. In 2001, marijuana was used by 76% of current illicit drug users.

The gateway drug theory is the belief that use of a lower classed drugs can lead to the subsequent use of "harder", more dangerous drugs. The gateway drug theory is the belief that use of a lower classed drugs can lead to the subsequent use of "harder", more dangerous drugs.

The term is also used to describe introductory experiences to addictive substances. Some believe tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana are gateway drugs. The term is also used to describe introductory experiences to addictive substances. Some believe tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana are gateway drugs.

Initial experiences with marijuana, which are frequently rated as pleasurable, may encourage continued use of marijuana and also broader experimentation. Initial experiences with marijuana, which are frequently rated as pleasurable, may encourage continued use of marijuana and also broader experimentation.

Seemingly safe early experiences with marijuana may reduce the perceived risk of, and therefore barriers to, the use of other drugs. Seemingly safe early experiences with marijuana may reduce the perceived risk of, and therefore barriers to, the use of other drugs.

For example, as the vast majority of those who use marijuana do not experience any legal consequences of their use, such use may act to diminish the strength of legal sanctions against the use of all drugs. For example, as the vast majority of those who use marijuana do not experience any legal consequences of their use, such use may act to diminish the strength of legal sanctions against the use of all drugs.

Access to marijuana may lead to increased access to other drugs Access to marijuana may lead to increased access to other drugs

There are studies that discount the gateway theory There are studies that discount the gateway theory It is being criticized by some researchers It is being criticized by some researchers Some people think it minimizes addiction to lower class drugs Some people think it minimizes addiction to lower class drugs

Inhalants 11% of teens have used inhalants 11% of teens have used inhalants

Cocaine 8.2% of high school seniors reported having ever used cocaine 8.2% of high school seniors reported having ever used cocaine

Heroin 2.4 % of teenagers have used heroin 2.4 % of teenagers have used heroin This % is reportedly increasing now This % is reportedly increasing now

Hallucinogens Approximately 11% of high school seniors have ever used LSD or other types Approximately 11% of high school seniors have ever used LSD or other types

4. Eating disorders Anorexia-nervosa—self starvation, distorted body image Anorexia-nervosa—self starvation, distorted body image Bulimia—self induced vomiting, binging and purging Bulimia—self induced vomiting, binging and purging Both mainly affect females—usually a coping mechanism for anxiety and conflict Both mainly affect females—usually a coping mechanism for anxiety and conflict

5. Mental Health Issues Anxiety disorders- OCD Anxiety disorders- OCD Panic disorders Panic disorders Depression Depression All increasing in teens All increasing in teens