CH 1 Med-Term Objectives Define the terms anatomy & physiology Define the terms anatomy & physiology Define the term prefix, root word, suffix Define the term prefix, root word, suffix Be prepared to make combining words from the prefixes, root words, and suffixes Be prepared to make combining words from the prefixes, root words, and suffixes Define each abbreviation from the class list Define each abbreviation from the class list Define the term homeostasis Define the term homeostasis Define the term negative feedback and formulate an example Define the term negative feedback and formulate an example Review past material discussed in class Review past material discussed in class

Chapter 1 Learning the Language Student Copy pp.

How important is it to know medical terminology for nursing? List reasons why List reasons why

Anatomy & Physiology What in the world do these words mean? What in the world do these words mean?

Anatomy The study of _____________ and ______________ structures of the human body (plants and animals) The study of _____________ and ______________ structures of the human body (plants and animals) The word anatomy means ______________ The word anatomy means ______________

Physiology Is the _________of the body processes or how the anatomy part of the body functions to _______________ Is the _________of the body processes or how the anatomy part of the body functions to _______________ Such as: Such as: How the heart pumps blood How the heart pumps blood How we breathe How we breathe How we see and hear How we see and hear

Basically… Structure = ____________ Structure = ____________ Function = ____________ Function = ____________ Structure & Function Structure & Function

Medical Terminology WORD ROOTS WORD ROOTS PREFIXES PREFIXES SUFFIXES SUFFIXES All special and play in their own role but put em together…and you have a medical word All special and play in their own role but put em together…and you have a medical word

Word Root This is the basic form of the word and from this part….we can add to it to make other terms This is the basic form of the word and from this part….we can add to it to make other terms Such as Such as cardi…always means heart cardi…always means heart gast always means stomach gast always means stomach

Adding to the word root = a new word and meaning… Prefix – comes before the root word Prefix – comes before the root word Suffix – comes after the root word Suffix – comes after the root word Adding a prefix or suffix can change the word roots meaning…. Adding a prefix or suffix can change the word roots meaning…. OMG, how cool!!!!!!! OMG, how cool!!!!!!!

Word Root – Cardi Prefix – peri... means _____________ Prefix – peri... means _____________ Suffix – itis… means ______________ Suffix – itis… means ______________ Put them all together Put them all together Prefix + word root + suffix Prefix + word root + suffix Peri cardi itis = pericarditis. Peri cardi itis = pericarditis. Inflammation around the heart Inflammation around the heart

Combining Form or Connecting Vowel Usually the letter O Usually the letter O Used to make the word root easier to pronounce Used to make the word root easier to pronounce Used to make a suffix easier to connect to a word root Used to make a suffix easier to connect to a word root

EXAMPLE of connecting vowel Cardi = heart Cardi = heart o = connecting vowel o = connecting vowel Now we can walk around and say Now we can walk around and say Im going to the gym to do cardio exercises Im going to the gym to do cardio exercises Cant really walk around and say Im going to do some cardi….. Cant really walk around and say Im going to do some cardi…..

Drop the O (drop the combining form or the connecting vowel) If a suffix begins with a vowel, drop the combining vowel as to not have 2 vowels together: If a suffix begins with a vowel, drop the combining vowel as to not have 2 vowels together: Cardio + ology = Cardio + ology = Cardioology or cardiology Cardioology or cardiology Pay attention to the suffix…when a suffix begins with a vowel, drop the vowel in the combining form or the connecting vowel Pay attention to the suffix…when a suffix begins with a vowel, drop the vowel in the combining form or the connecting vowel

See Tables in book pg. 6 & 7 Table 1-1 – Word Roots Table 1-1 – Word Roots Table 1-2 – Prefixes Table 1-2 – Prefixes Table 1-3 – Suffixes Table 1-3 – Suffixes You will be tested on THE ONES I DESIGNATE….. dont over study these You will be tested on THE ONES I DESIGNATE….. dont over study these

Abbreviations We will learn more of these in Nursing Fundamentals… We will learn more of these in Nursing Fundamentals… There are rules to using abbreviations There are rules to using abbreviations You must use caution and not use your own abbreviations You must use caution and not use your own abbreviations The Board of Nursing has a list that can be used only by nurses…….use caution The Board of Nursing has a list that can be used only by nurses…….use caution

You are not texting… Crd 4 pt w/ bk pain, rprtd to nurse, meds gvn. Pt sts he is fine. No prbs to reprt. Crd 4 pt w/ bk pain, rprtd to nurse, meds gvn. Pt sts he is fine. No prbs to reprt. NO, NO, NO NO, NO, NO Only use nursing ___________abbreviations Only use nursing ___________abbreviations

Table 1-4 ONLY STUDY WHAT I TELL YOU TO KNOW: ONLY STUDY WHAT I TELL YOU TO KNOW: BP = _________________________ BP = _________________________ HR= _________________________ HR= _________________________ RR = _________________________ RR = _________________________ P.O.= ________________________ P.O.= ________________________ NPO= ________________________ NPO= ________________________ p.r.n= ________________________ p.r.n= ________________________ STAT= _______________________ STAT= _______________________ d/t = ______________________ d/t = ______________________ r/t = _______________________ r/t = _______________________ QD = _____________________ QD = _____________________

ELBOW PARTNERS Using the tables on pgs 6 & 7, fill in blanks on page 8 Test Your Knowledge Using the tables on pgs 6 & 7, fill in blanks on page 8 Test Your Knowledge Go……….. Go………..

Metric System You will learn this in great detail with Ms. Hayward in Math You will learn this in great detail with Ms. Hayward in Math

(Pg. 10) The Language of Disease VOCAB WORDS: VOCAB WORDS: Signs Signs Symptoms Symptoms Vital signs Vital signs Syndrome Syndrome Diagnose Diagnose Etiology Etiology Prognosis Prognosis You will see these terms later in Nr. Fundamentals. You will see these terms later in Nr. Fundamentals. (THEY ARE NOT ON THIS TEST) (THEY ARE NOT ON THIS TEST)

Concepts In Maintaining Normal Health These are r/t __________ & ______________ These are r/t __________ & ______________

Homeostasis This is maintaining a _____________________within our body This is maintaining a _____________________within our body Our body is smart and knows when something is off key Our body is smart and knows when something is off key Like when we eat food and store the nutrients, fat and sugar. Like when we eat food and store the nutrients, fat and sugar. PROBLEM/ EXAMPLE: Sugar is stored as glycogen. When our body needs a little extra sugar, glycogen is released to maintain our blood sugar level. The body fixes itself and returns it to its normal state of homeostasis PROBLEM/ EXAMPLE: Sugar is stored as glycogen. When our body needs a little extra sugar, glycogen is released to maintain our blood sugar level. The body fixes itself and returns it to its normal state of homeostasis

Set Points Cells and our body operate within certain ranges or set points. Cells and our body operate within certain ranges or set points. If something is off….____________________ occurs If something is off….____________________ occurs

Negative Feedback Homeostasis is maintained by the feedback or information that is sent to the brain Homeostasis is maintained by the feedback or information that is sent to the brain Sensors throughout the body monitor internal conditions and tell the body what to do Sensors throughout the body monitor internal conditions and tell the body what to do Because every change, up or down, must be reversed back to normal, this mechanism is called negative feedback Because every change, up or down, must be reversed back to normal, this mechanism is called negative feedback Our bodies are smart and the body can self-regulate through the help from endocrines and nervous systems Our bodies are smart and the body can self-regulate through the help from endocrines and nervous systems EXAMPLE: if we start to get a temperature, our brain can help control the temperature for only so long before we need Tylenol EXAMPLE: if we start to get a temperature, our brain can help control the temperature for only so long before we need Tylenol

Pg 14 Picture of Homeostasis Review figure 1-4 on homeostasis Review figure 1-4 on homeostasis Read pg 15 Clinical Application Read pg 15 Clinical Application

Elbow Partners Work on the Case Study together Work on the Case Study together We will discuss this upon completion We will discuss this upon completion