35.asp Using this link to carry out a activity

Key Ideas 1.Industry is complex and has changed 2.Original locational factors are not important now 3.Government decisions and financial aid and major factors today 4.Global economy now effects location and growth 5.Originally widespread industry became located closer to power sources and are now widespread again 6.Some areas evolve and change others proper then die 7.Manufacturing has changed in its needs and in its impacts 8.Improved technology has led to more capital investment 9.Past industry is now either a heritage site or blight on landscape 10.Application of technology and science is vital to industry 11.Employment in tertiary is more than secondary.

Clark and Fisher sector model

Task 1. Define- with the aid of appropriate example for each- the terms Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary industries. (8) ations/videos/tcm asp 2. Use this link to classify industry as Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary. 1Tertiary/quaternary 2Primary 3Secondary 4 5Tertiary 6Secondary 7Tertiary 8Secondary 9 10Secondary 11Secondary 12Tertiary 13Tertiary 14Tertiary 15Primary 16Tertiary

 The industrial structure of an areas is the proportion of different types of industry found there.  The proportion of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary industries vary from country to country.  As a country undergoes economic development, the proportion of people working in the different sectors changes.

United KingdomPakistan SQA: Describe and explain the industrial structure difference between the two countries. (8)

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FactorsReasons why… Raw MaterialLocation near raw material reduces transport cost  esp. if the raw material is heavy (coal) or if the transport infrastructure is poor the cost of transport is too expensive. MarketA location near market reduces transport cost and reduces time taken to deliver orders. Power SuppliesIn 19 th century, most industries located near their power source- either water or coal-because it was too heavy or impossible to transport. TransportIn the 19 th century, transport was a major coast for most industries and so industries located near cheap transport  river, canal, coast. Government Policies (after 1945) The government tries to influence where companies are set up by offering incentives: Reduces tax rate, subsidies, tax allowance, construction grants, ready-build factories/facilities, rent-free periods, worker training schemes etc… Obstacles: refusing planning permission (in National Parks, Green Belts, residential areas) Labour supplyNear large centres of population because industry was labour-intensive and most jobs were unskilled. EnvironmentLittle thought was given to the environment which people worked, very dangerous and often dirty conditions. (think typical “Victorian factory”) They also didn’t give much thought into the “green” agenda, population and industrial waste control wasn’t as important as it is today. LinkageSome factories and companies located near to same/similar industries so they can share transport, labour, bulk buy material (and get it cheaper) and offer each other support. SiteSuitable site, flat land, firm foundation, dry (free from flooding), cheap land, space for expansion, planning permission.

Widespread industry based on raw materials in clusters of population due to fishing, farming, mining and forestry. Transport slow and difficult Industrial revolution. Larger textile mills, rural, next to rivers. Investment needed, loans/landowners/entrepreneur/merchants from colonies. Jobless from Agricultural revolution. Roads are improving with turnpike (toll) roads. Steam power is the new technology and this needs coal. New industrial towns grow next to fuel and raw materials. Rural to urban migration and immigration. Tenement blocks and terraced housing needed. Transport develops to include canals, railways and this widens markets and hinterlands. Shipping brings colonial trade. After the depression of 1930s new industry on the periphery of large urban areas used electricity and road transport. They were dispersed in industrial estates and footloose. Clothing, foodstuffs, electrical goods etc made up the light industries which were influenced by government policy for their location. Heavy industry – coal mining, manufacturing iron and steel, shipbuilding and heavy engineering had a cumulative impact on the Scottish environment. Silicon Glen grew due to government subsidies, motorway expansion, proximity of universities and an available workforce. Decreases in primary and heavy secondary industries meant old landscapes were regenerated and the new knowledge and ICT economy of science parks and call centres funded by transnational companies took their place. Scotland's Story

Old Industrial Landscape

New Industrial Landscape