Armoured chariot weapon Used by British Crossed no man’s land Firepower, steel plates, caterpillar track Many failures; proved worthiness in

First used by Allies unsuccessfully Used by Germans in Second Battle of Ypres Banned by international treaty; still used Unreliable Made from chlorine/mustard/phosgene Resulted in asphyxiation, internal/external bleeding Gas masks given to troops 3

Submarine vessel Germany had largest fleet – 400+ ships Allies defeated U-boats by new mine technology, Q-ships & depth charges 4

Flew high over towns & dropped bombs German bombed British on several occasions Kills many civilians Canadian flyers skilled at attacking zeppelins Canadians get 50% of zeppelin kills Planes fire-production bullets turns zeppelins into flames 5

Included: – Fighters – Heavy bombers – Ground attack Early in War: – Only stayed in air for few hrs – Pilots unarmed – No marking on planes – Bombing from balloons forbidden 6

Later in War: – Machine gun developed – Pilots needed to shoot through propeller – 1915, French invented steel deflectors – Germans improved invention Famous Aces: – Billy Bishop, Red Baron 7

Deadly weapon accounted for most causalities in trench warfare Packed men easy prey for spray of 100s of rounds/min Aircraft machine gun w/ special mechanism allowed bullets to pass through propellers 8

Blade attached to rifle barrel Used for close combat Advantage: – close crowded combat Disadvantage: – can injure fellow soldiers Soldiers preferred carrying a blade 9

Beginning of War: – Germans ahead in development ( hand, rifle) Men tasked to bomb trenches (bomb party) Bomb parties grew in # as war progressed 10

British bomb party: – 2 throwers – 2 carriers – 2 bayonet men – 2 spare men 2 types of detonation – Timed (most preferred) – Impact 50+ types of grenades Mills bomb (most liked) 11

Mortar – short, stumpy tube designed to fire projectile at steep angle to fall on enemy Consisted of smooth metal tube fixed to base plate w/ light bipod mount Stokes Mortar fired 22 bombs/min w/ max range of ~ 1 km 12

To spread fire w/ burning fuel Brought terror to English & French when used by Germans Germans tested 2 models: – Klein – Gross Cylinder would explode if shot Germans had 650, British & France had none 13

Most crucial infantry weapon Early 19 th century: – single shot rifle Late 19 th century: – Bolt-action, multiple rounds from spring loaded clip rifles Rifle models: – German Mauser – British Lee-Enfield – US Springfield 14

Duffy, Michael. "Weapons of War - Introduction." First World War.com - A Multimedia History of World War One. 22 Sept Web. 19 Sept Quinlan, Don, Rick Mahoney, Doug Baldwin, and Kevin Reed. The Canadian Challenge. Toronto: Oxford UP, Print. 15