And Canada’s Government Government Review And Canada’s Government

GPS SS6CG1a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, federal SS6CG1b. Explain how government systems determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, democratic SSCG1c. Describe the 2 predominate forms of democratic government: parliamentary and presidential SS6CG3a. Describe the structure of the Canadian government…

3 Types of Government AUTOCRACY OLIGARCHY DEMOCRACY Parliamentary Presidential

E.Q. How do governments differ? How is Canada’s government organized?

3 Types of Government – how citizens participate Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy Parliamentary Presidential

Autocracy Rule by one Advantage: quick decisions Disadvantage: no citizen participation

Oligarchy Rule by a few Advantage: quick decisions Disadvantage: no citizen participation

Democracy Rule by the people Advantage: all citizens involved in making decisions; all groups represented Disadvantage: slower decision-making; need to be informed Representative Democracies (most countries)– citizens elect representatives to make decisions (U.S.) Direct Democracy – citizens vote on all decisions

2 Types of Democracy Parliamentary Presidential U.S., Mexico, most S.A. countries Citizens elect members of legislature Legislature makes laws Cannot force early election of president Citizens elect president Head of state Chief executive Runs gov’t Heads military Cannot dissolve legislature Canada, Australia, U.K. Citizens elect MPs (members of Parliament) Chooses Prime Minister (PM) Makes laws Can force early election of PM PM is chief executive Heads military Enforces laws Runs country Can dissolve Parliament Head of State: symbolic leader

3 ways Governments Share Power Unitary Confederation Federal

Unitary Central government holds all the power and controls all other governments in the country Examples: Cuba Bolivia Great Britain France The state of Georgia (state has power to create/break up cities & counties)

Confederation Local governments hold all the power Examples – countries agree to work together on a problem Voluntary Decisions have to be agreed on by all to become law

Confederation Problems Little power individual countries can veto decisions changes have to be agreed on unanimously U.S. tried it “Articles of Confederation” 1777-1787 states saw selves as separate countries Congress had no power replaced by Constitution & federal government

Federal Power is shared between central and local governments Central gov’t is more powerful – but can’t get rid of local gov’t or local leaders Examples: Brazil Canada Mexico U.S. Venezuela

CANADA’S GOVERNMENT CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

Canada’s Government Constitutional monarchy Parliamentary Democracy Federal form of Gov’t

Canada’s Government Constitutional monarchy Constitution explains how gov’t is organized & citizens’ rights, limits monarch’s power Monarch is head of state & symbolic leader of Canada

Canada’s Government Parliamentary Democracy Citizens elect MPs MPs select Prime Minister and can unselect him/her Chief executive Head of military Runs country Leads parliament – can dissolve it

Canada’s Government Federal Gov’t Power is divided between central gov’t and local provinces Provinces make own laws and elect own leaders (premiers) Citizens 18 & older may vote Main political parties Bloc Quebecois Conservative Party Green Party Liberal Party New Democratic Party Very high level of personal freedom protected by courts