The Federal Bureaucracy: Administering the Government Chapter 13

Federal Administration: Form, Personnel, and Activities Structure of the Federal bureaucracy Cabinet departments Independent agencies Regulatory agencies Government corporations Presidential commissions © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Federal Administration: Form, Personnel, and Activities Federal employment 2,500,000 civilian employees More than 90% hired by merit criteria The Federal bureaucracy’s policy responsibilities © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Number of Civilian Federal Employees © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Development of the Federal Bureaucracy: Politics & Administration Small government and the patronage system Growth in government and the merit system Big government and the executive leadership system © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

The Bureaucracy’s Power Imperative The agency point of view Top bureaucrats promoted “in house” High loyalty to agency mission Sources of bureaucratic power Expertise Client groups Friends in high places © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Bureaucratic Accountability Through the Presidency Reorganization Appointments Executive budget Through the Congress Congressional budget Oversight GAO and CBO © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Bureaucratic Accountability Through the Courts Within the bureaucracy itself Whistle-blowing Demographic representativeness © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Reinventing Government? Leaner and more responsive administration Distributed decision making through empowerment The National Performance Review Practical limits on streamlining © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.