1 Holly Krambeck, Carbon Finance Unit; World Bank 27 May 2010 Using Inventory Tools to Support Energy Efficient Cities Citywide Methodology Transport Module

Supporting UAMAs with Citywide Methodology Accounting tool for post-2012 mechanisms The Citywide Methodology is a two-part tool, with project and inventory-based components. In this sense – it is a transitional mechanism, spanning both pre and post-2012 markets. The World Bank has formed a working group with IDB, CAI, ITDP, WRI, and EMBARQ to develop transport inventory and project-based tools for next generation of carbon finance and cap and trade schemes. This work is being mirrored in the other sectors supported by the Citywide Methodology, with the goal of creating a comprehensive tool.

Inventory Architecture More than just a data collection exercise Define uses for the inventory Define target parameters Prepare formula(e) Prepare data collection and verification methods Prepare methods to estimate level of certainty Prepare data entry and presentation templates

Inventory Uses Inventory uses define its structure Compare Cities against Each Other? Estimate Emissions Reductions? Leverage Climate Finance? Monitor Performance over Time? Will the Inventory… No Yes Sort of No need for identical boundaries and data collection methods Inventory must be easily auditable by a third party Data parameters must be readily available on a regular basis Inventory primarily used to measure efficiency performance

Inventory Parameters What do we want to track over time? If the GHG inventory presented the gross amount of emissions in a developing city per year, we could expect the inventory results to increase over time – masking any improvements that might have been made. We could evaluate these emissions against a baseline – what would emissions have been if the city did not make any attempts to be more energy efficient -- but at such a large scale, this type of baseline could be difficult to evaluate or prove. We are looking for something meaningful, but also simple.

Since we want to capture improvements in emissions (and establishing a baseline can be difficult), we could instead evaluate the efficiency of a transport system – that is, we could evaluate emissions against other measureable parameters, like population, to see how efficiently the transport system consumes energy. Inventory Parameters What do we want to track over time?

Inventory Parameters Normalization factors National transport sector emissions National GDP City population Average fuel prices ____________________

Liter (kg) km Tons CO2e kJ kg Liter (kg) x x x x IPCC Guidelines IEA National Heating Values Fuel Volume = Tons CO 2 e Liter (kg) For a given vehicle type in a given country: Tons CO 2 e Liter (kg) 1 2 CO 2 e Content of Fuel CO 2 e Content of Fuel Average Annual Fuel Efficiency Activity Level = Tons CO 2 e Greenhouse Gas Emissions Vehicle Inventory Fuel Efficiency Activity Level 3 We want to know: Basic structure for all operations methodologies Formulae For what calculations do we need to collect data?

Data Collection What criteria do we want to establish for data collection activities? Menu of data collection options. Selection based on resource availability and necessary level of certainty. Menu of data collection options. Selection based on resource availability and necessary level of certainty. Collection methods taken from existing models and practices (e.g., IVE, COPERT) Collection methods taken from existing models and practices (e.g., IVE, COPERT) Flexibility Credibility

Vehicle Inventory Fuel Efficiency Activity Level by mode, model, and fuel type L or kg / km annual VKT per vehicle DataSourceUncertaintyResource IntensityNotes Vehicle Registration Data Government Records LOC 1-5Low Major Corridor Vehicle Counts Survey TeamBased on sampling methodology Medium to High Major Corridor Vehicle Counts Transport Dept. LOS 1-5Low Data Collection Developing the menu of data collection methods

Data Collection LOC methods are not new!

Vehicle Inventory by mode, model, and fuel type Data Collection Where this data goes…

Making it simple Simple to use data collection forms and guidelines If the inventory is well designed, a city should be able to collect data on its own, without consultant help Data collection forms and guidelines are to be made available online for download (and for commenting)

Vehicle Inventory Fuel Efficiency Activity Level LOC 3 LOC 4 LOC 3 ParameterData UsedUncertainty Level Making it simple Simple dashboard reporting to make results clear and transparent

Vehicle Inventory Fuel Efficiency Activity Level Making it simple All calculations and data uniformly presented by sector for transparency

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