NSUOCO Residency Orientation Sandra A. Martin, M.L.I.S. Health Sciences Resource Coordinator Optometry Subject Librarian John Vaughan Library Room 305B –

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Existing knowledge can prevent… Waste Errors Poor quality clinical care Poor patient experience Adoption of interventions of low value Failure to adopt interventions of high value Source: Sir Muir Gray, Chief Knowledge Officer of Britain’s National Health Service. Quoted on 3

Learning Objectives To provide a mechanism for residents to access the most current vision science and medically related information To familiarize residents with services for obtaining online medical information To familiarize residents with evidence-based eye care and life-long learning techniques 4

John Vaughan Library (JVL) Short walk from the Optometry building Comprehensive print and online collections Friendly, welcoming staff Open until 2:00 a.m. Sunday-Thursday during Fall and Spring semesters Hours posted at Checkout Laptops, iPads, & cameras at Reserve Desk Wi Fi hot spots throughout the building Comfortable seating and study environments 5

Services and Collections 1 st Floor – Reserves, Audiovisuals, Circulation, Interlibrary Loan, Computers, Scanners & Printers 2d Floor – Journals, Newspapers, Special Collections, Computers, Scanners & Printers 3d Floor – Books, Government Documents, Optometry Librarian (305B) Books & Journals shelved by Library of Congress call numbers. Most Vision Science titles found in R, RE, and Q areas 6

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Sandra Provides…. Instruction Research Assistance Consulting for individuals and small groups Database Searches Help in Locating Full Text Articles Customized Information Services Collection Development (Selection of print and online books, audiovisuals, journals and databases) Help with RUSH delivery of ILL requests Assistance with any health-related information need 8

9 Information at Point of Need “We believe the best use of information technology provides health care information at the point of need and in the manner in which it can best be utilized.”

Remote Access Enter NT-NSU user id and password to access the library’s electronic resources Contact Tom Tinnell if you have problems with your user id or password Contact Sandra to report other technical problems or for search assistance 10

Optometry Web Page Optometry Databases, e-journals, e-books, and other tools available 24/7 Support research, teaching, and patient care needs of NSUOCO faculty, students, and residents Starting point to find resources for all vision science and medical topics Bookmark or add this page to your favorites:

Find Articles by Subject MEDLINE and MD Consult are most frequently used resources to find journal articles on vision science and medically related topics Search this section when you need articles on subjects, e.g., glaucoma Databases in this section provide links to full text journal articles and other resources 13

Ovid MEDLINE U. S. National Library of Medicine’s premier database. Contains over 16 million citations to journal articles in medicine, nursing, allied health, and basic sciences as they relate to health care OvidSP software provides useful tools to filter search results and target information for precise clinical research and evidence based medicine needs Contains links to full text of major vision science journals 14

Ovid MEDLINE Pay-Per-View Deposit Account Temporary (24 hour) access to full text of hundreds of medical and pharmacology journals not included in the library’s subscription No charge to Optometry faculty, residents, and students Follow “pay-per-view” instructions. Contact Sandra if you have questions or need help 15

Online Tutorials Download latest version of Flash player and complete online tutorials before you search MEDLINE Ovid Basic Search and Ovid MEDLINE Advanced present strategies by increasing levels of complexity Ovid Basic – quick searches of one topic or broad question for a few, current articles Ovid Advanced – complex searches of two or more concepts when precise retrieval is important 16

MD Consult Consolidates e-books, e-journals, drug information, patient education materials, images, and news updates in a single source Especially useful for drug monographs (for professionals and for patients) and peer reviewed patient education handouts In addition to journal articles from MEDLINE, MDC includes in-depth, full text reviews and overviews of “common clinical topics” 17

Visionet (SCO) Citations to articles in Optometry journals not found in MEDLINE Especially useful for articles on vision therapy, visual training, low vision, etc. Contact Sandra for help 18

Native American Health Native Health Databases contains citations and abstracts of health-related reports, articles, surveys and other documents National Library of Medicine web site includes American Indian Health database as well as hundreds of free resources on wide range of biomedical topics 19

Evidence-Based Resources Full text of evidence-based, clinical decision support tools, expert summaries of original studies, and systematic reviews Full text resources of “critically appraised” content Useful to answer clinical questions as they arise in practice 20

Print Journal Collection at JVL Most titles located on the 2d Floor Some series titles located on the 3d Floor with the books Check library catalog for titles not found online Scanner & Printer located on 1 st and 2d Floors 21

Interlibrary Loan/Document Delivery Services  Delivery of journal articles, books, and other items not owned by the library  Delivery of books, audiovisuals, and journal articles in the JVL print collection  Journal articles delivered electronically if possible ILL Requests  Click on Interlibrary Loan link from Optometry Web Page  Create the online Iliad Profile  Place online request Special Needs  Contact Sandra ASAP with questions, problems, or special needs such as a RUSH ILL 22

ILL/Document Delivery Staff Donna Graham – x3243 – Rachel Whitaker – x3202 – 23

Additional Resources - University of Oklahoma OUHSC Libraries National Library of Medicine resource libraries Oklahoma City and Tulsa locations Check the web site for location, hours, etc.  Check the online catalog for item availability before you make the trip Print journals are shelved alphabetically by title. Scanning & printing available for a fee You can search databases and e-Journals. Printing not available. Download articles on a flash drive or Guests are welcome - professional conduct expected 24

Find eJournals by Title Links to databases that contain vision science and medically related online journal titles Search this section when you know the title, year, volume, of a specific journal 25

Consumer Health Full text patient education handouts MedlinePlus and MD Consult provide current, authoritative, peer-reviewed information Includes images and links to trusted web sites Comprehensive information written at 6 th grade level Some handouts in Spanish 26

Search for eBooks Complete text and images available in major reference works MD Consult – Over 65 Elsevier titles. Sixteen specific to Ophthalmology, including Yanoff’s Ophthalmology. – Over 36 titles from Lippincott and other publishers, including Duane’s Ophthalmology Science Direct - Over 32 Elsevier books in Optometry and Ophthalmology, including the Encyclopedia of the Eye Access Medicine – Top medical and basic sciences titles including Harrison’s Online, Goodman & Gilman’s Pharmacology, etc. Good source for information on systemic conditions Stat!Ref – Titles from several publishers in medicine, pharmacology, nursing, and allied health. Includes ACP PIER evidence based summaries 27

Print Book Collection at JVL Collection of almost all titles published annually by Elsevier in Ophthalmology/Optometry Only comprehensive Optometry/Vision Science book collection in the region Book collection located on 3d Floor of John Vaughan Library 28

Match Resource to Information Need What is the question? How will information be used? 29

Background vs. Foreground Questions Asking questions about your proposed topic helps to clarify your knowledge gap Clarifying type of question helps to determine which sources are most likely to have the answers you need 30

Background Questions Generally ask who, what, why, where or how about a single concept Example:  What are the risk factors for open angle glaucoma? 31

Answers to Background Questions Require general knowledge of disease and therapeutic processes Resources:  Ovid MEDLINE Basic Search  MD Consult  Reference books & monographs – online and print collections 32

Review Articles Background articles that provide an overview of current research Integrate recent advances with accepted practice Summarize – not original works May mix opinions/bias of the authors with evidence Good Source: MD Consult

Foreground Questions Usually compare two or more concepts – drugs, treatments, tests, prognosis of two groups, harms or benefits of two approaches Example:  Does lowering intraocular pressure medically or surgically in patients with open angle glaucoma delay visual field loss? 34

Answers to Foreground Questions Require precise information about complex issues Sources should provide current, original clinical research data  OVID MEDLINE – Clinical Queries  Evidence-Based Databases 35

Best Study Design for Type of Question Type of QuestionStudy Design Therapy/preventionRandomized controlled trials DiagnosisProspective cohort, blind comparison to a gold standard PrognosisCohort, Case Control, Case Series Etiology/HarmCohort, Case Control, Case Series

Randomized controlled trials are considered the best studies for assessing therapeutic interventions. Source: Sackett, D.L., Richardson, W.S., Rosenberg, W.M.C., & Haynes, R.B. (1996). Evidence-Based Medicine: How to practice and teach EBM. London: Churchill-Livingstone.

Evidence Pyramid Number of studies fewer at higher levels of the pyramid, but of higher quality and relevance to clinical practice

Cochrane Collaboration Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews  Part of the Cochrane Library (1996)  Over 3,000 reviews  Mostly Treatment; Diagnosis since 2008  Eyes & Vision Research Group includes 156 reviews  Among the highest level of evidence upon which to base treatment decisions  Access full text of reviews through Ovid

Systematic Review Analyzes data from several primary studies to answer a specific clinical question Provides search strategies and resources used to locate studies Includes specific inclusion and exclusion criteria (results in less bias) Meta-Analysis (subclass) statistically summarizes results of several individual studies

Primary (Original) Studies Articles that report results of original research investigations Conclusions supported by data and reproducible methodology Require time to acquire and appraise Good Source: MEDLINE (OVID)

MEDLINE Premiere biomedical database from the NLM (National Library of Medicine) Covers 1950-present Indexes >4000 international biomedical journals Full text available for many articles Ovid interface includes tools to quickly filter search results to specific study types Access from

Ovid MEDLINE Clinical Queries

Life-Long Learning Selecting and searching online databases is challenging Information is ever changing Contact Sandra for help in person, by phone, or 44

If you need Help, contact Sandra Click on the Optometry Librarian’s Page link from the Optometry web page Phone: ext or Location: Library Room 305B Available for one-on-one or small group consultation Evenings by appointment Send and/or call to arrange appointment for research assistance – enter OPT or other identifying term in subject line 45

NSUOCO Residency Orientation Sandra A. Martin, M.L.I.S. Health Sciences Resource Coordinator Optometry Subject Librarian John Vaughan Library Room 305B –