Do Now For Thursday, October 18, 2012 Explain the positions of the Earth, moon and sun during a solar eclipse. Explain the positions of the Earth, moon and sun during a lunar eclipse. Draw a picture of a spring tide.

Do Now for 10 – 11 – 12! It’s the middle of winter and the heat has stopped working in your house. DISCUSS three ways you could stay warm in this situation.

“Do Now” for Monday, Oct. 15 Hypothesize: Which would heat up faster on a warm sunny day, the water in a lake or the sandy beach around it? Which will cool off faster after the sun goes down?

Do Now for Tuesday, October 16 Mr. Van Etten has three machines he is using to make popcorn. Use science terms from chapter 16 to describe what types of heat is each one producing in the process of making this treat?

Do Now for Monday, September 29 th Which is cooler on a hot, sunny day, a parking lot or a field of grass? EXPLAIN WHY!!!

Thermal (heat) Energy We are learning to: describe how thermal energy transfers occur in the atmosphere an ocean. We are looking for how energy from the sun is transferred by radiation, conduction and convection to the atmosphere and ocean. Energy Transfer We are learning to: explain the relationship between thermal energy to the formation of both atmospheric and ocean currents. We are looking for; explain how currents form from thermal energy transfers that occur in the atmosphere and oceans. Heat Energy and Energy Transfer

Electromagnetic waves travel through space and deliver energy to our atmosphere.

The term “RADIATION” is used to describe electromagnetic energy..

Electromagnetic waves can be measured by the length of the wave (wave length).

This figure shows the sun’s electromagnetic waves and include visible light waves. Infrared, ultraviolet and visible light waves make up most of the sun’s energy reaching the Earth.

The visible light spectrum is ROY – G- BIV These are colors you can see in a rainbow. Colors we see in visible light are reflected colors. Those we do not see are absorbed by the object. Red and Orange have the longest wavelengths Blue and Violet have the shortest wavelengths

In the middle of the day, the sky appears blue due to “scattered visible light.” Gas molecules in our atmosphere help to scatter short wavelength light so the afternoon sky looks blue or violet.

At dawn or dusk, the sky and clouds can look orange or red because the blue light spectrum is removed at these times

Much of this infrared energy in our atmosphere is absorbed by water vapor (clouds), CO 2 and other gases. This heat is held around Earth in a “GREENHOUSE EFFECT.”

The Greenhouse Effect is a natural process that has kept temperatures suitable to support life on Earth for thousands and millions of years!

Human impact over the past 200 years has added more and more CO 2 to our atmosphere causing global temperatures to increase.

Thermal Heat Energy and Temperature: The molecular movement (energy) of a substance can be described as movement of molecules. This heat energy is referred to as THERMAL HEAT! Energy in motion of molecules.

Temperature is the average amount of motion energy of each molecule of a substance. Temperature is basically how hot or cold a substance is.

Temperature is measured with a thermometer! Two scales are often found on thermometers: FreezingBoiling Fahrenheit32212 Celsius 0100 In science, we use the Celsius scale to measure temperatures.

Heat travels from hotter objects to cooler objects in three ways. Radiation! Heat transfer by electromagnetic waves. Examples include the sun, a campfire, microwave oven or nuclear radiation. Similar to the sun, the Earth gives off or radiates heat. Do living things radiate heat?

Conduction! The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another (touching).Examples include feet on hot sand, a hand warmer, a pot on a stove, heat passing through the Earth.

Convection! The transfer of heat through a fluid (gas or liquid). Hot air vent (furnace blower), hair dryer, clothes dryer, “convection oven – stove,” hot air popcorn popper.

All three processes are at work in our troposphere. Most of the heat transfer in our troposphere comes from convection. Closer to the ground, the air gets warmer. The warm air rises and becomes denser and then sinks back. A cycle of warming and cooling occurs.