The Human Body (HB Chapter 1) Test Review
Directs the cell’s activities and holds information that controls a cell’s function. nucleus
Made of clear, jellylike substance that contains many cell structures. cytoplasm
Three things that work together to make your body move. muscles bones nerves
Three stages of digestion of food. breakdown absorption elimination of wastes
System that breaks down food so the body can use it. digestive system
System that transports oxygen. circulatory system
System that breaks down food so the body can use it. digestive system
Covers the surface of your body, inside and out. epithelial tissue
Carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body. nervous tissue
Group of organs that work together carrying out major functions. organ system
Group of similar cells that perform the same function. tissue
Perform more complex jobs than tissues. organs
To bend a joint, one muscle does this while another muscle returns to its original length. contracts
Basic unit of structure and function in a living thing. cell
A structure that is made up of different kinds of tissue (ex. brain). organ
Provides support for your body and connects all its parts (ex. fat). connective tissue
Forms the outside border of a cell. cell membrane
Body tissue that contracts, or shortens, making body parts move. muscle tissue
Inner framework that includes all the bones in your body. skeleton
Attached to the bones of your skeleton and provide the force that moves your bones. skeletal muscles
Place in the body where two bones come together. joint
Substance that you get from food and that your body needs to carry out processes, such as contracting muscles. nutrient
Process where nutrients move from the digestive system into the bloodstream. absorption
Organs that release chemical signals directly into the bloodstream. glands
A signal in the environment that makes you react. stimulus
What your body does in reaction to a stimulus. response
Chemical signals released by the endocrine system and affect growth and development. hormones
The condition in which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the outside environment. homeostasis
Disrupts homeostasis. long-term stress
The reaction of your body to possible threatening, challenging, or uncomfortable events. stress