The Spirit of Independence CHAPTER 5 The Sprit of ‘76 A.M. Willard

Answer the following questions to begin today’s notes. 1. What does the phrase “Taxation without Representation” mean to you? 2. Why do you think we study the American Revolution? 3. Why do we celebrate the 4 th of July? 4. This is why I study the 4 th of July. People on the street.People on the street. Bell Ringer – Section 1 Taxation without Representation

PROCLAMATION OF 1763  Prohibited moving west of Appalachian Mtns.  Advantages to Britain  Control of westward movement  Avoid conflicts with Native Americans  Kept colonists close to East Coast ports – kept buying British imports to Americas  British control fur trade on the frontier  10,000 British troops to “protect” (or watch) colonists

GEORGE GRENVILLE  NEW PRIME MINISTER  GOAL IS TO STOP SMUGGLING  If arrested, sent to court run by British officers – not trial by jury

WRITS OF ASSISTANCE  British customs officers could search anywhere for smuggled goods – did not need a warrant

SUGAR ACT 1764  Lowered tax on molasses and sugar  AND granted permission to take things from smugglers without a warrant  Hoped the lowered tax would encourage payment instead of smuggling

PROBLEM?– Colonists were mad  WRITS- violated safety at home/ personal belongings  TRIAL IN HALIFAX- not trial by jury, not “innocent until proven guilty”  Had no say in taxes in London  Colonists believed their rights as British citizens were violated

THE STAMP ACT-1765  Anything printed  Newspapers  Cards  Wills  Pay the tax and get a “stamp”

Objection to Stamp Act  Colonies should have control over taxes  Taxation without representation – no voice in Parliament October 31, 1765 In the Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Advertiser

PROTEST  Patrick Henry in Virginia  Samuel Adams (SONS OF LIBERTY) in Massachusetts  “each colony can tax itself”

EFFIGY  Rag figures that represent someone or something  Protesters burned or hanged effigies of tax collectors

STAMP ACT CONGRESS  October 1765  Delegates from 9 colonies  Drafted a petition to the king and Parliament declaring colonies could only be taxed by colonial assemblies

BOYCOTTS  Colonists refused to use the stamps  Did not buy British goods  British merchants lost so much $$ Parliament repealed the laws

TOWNSHEND ACTS-1767 Placed taxes on imported goods BEFORE they got to the colonists

DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY  Called for colonists to wear home-made fabrics and clothes instead of British goods.

TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION  Taxed-and the people aren’t given any part in government.

Homework  Pg 125 # 2-6, 8