Chapter 10 Contraception

Historical and Social Perspectives Evidence of contraception since the beginning of recorded history U.S. contraceptive efforts 1800s Comstock laws (obscenity laws) 1915: Margaret Sanger U.S. Supreme Court rulings Griswold vs. Connecticut (prohibits) Eisenstadt vs. Baird (decriminalized)

Contemporary Issues on Contraception Planning for wanted children Physical health of mother Insurance coverage of contraceptives Population growth Cultural gender-role expectations Wide diversity of views among cultures and religious groups

Sharing Responsibility for Contraception Ask about birth control before intercourse Read and discuss options together Attend a class or clinic together Share expenses

Choosing a Birth Control Method Consider effectiveness and cost Consider ease of use and side effects Characteristics of ineffective use Not taking birth control same time Not using backup method under certain conditions

Emergency Contraception Hormonal: Birth control pills taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse 95% effective (24 hours) 75% effective (72 hours) Copper-T: Inserted up to 5 days after unprotected sex 99% Access Issues Advanced prescription Oral contraceptive pills for emergency contraception.

Female Sterilization Female sterilization by laparoscopic ligation. Front view shows tubes after ligation.

Male Sterilization: Vasectomy Male sterilization by vasectomy. 20 minute procedure Remember sperm only 1% of ejaculate

Abortion Issues Difference in procedures Late-term is reserved for serious health risks for the mother Severe fetal abnormalities Compromise of less than 1% Usually what is used for propaganda

Abortion