Natural Gas (fossil fuel)

Where does natural gas come from?

 A combustible (can catch on fire) material  Found deep in the Earth’s crust  Millions of years old

Fossil Fuels  Made of decomposed plants or animals that died Millions of years ago.  Made by pressurizing and heating decomposed plant and animal material.

 Natural Gas Oldest fossil fuel Found deepest in Earth’s crust Found as a gas Made from decayed animals Gas companies add a sulfur smell to the fluid. Why is this important?

Natural Gas Household Uses  Heat water – hot water heaters  Heat homes – furnaces  Cooking – stoves  Drying clothes – clothes dryers  Other household appliances

Pair/Share  What are 4 ways we use Natural Gas in the household.  What are 3 ways you can conserve Natural Gas in your home?  Heat water – hot water heaters  Heat homes – furnaces  Cooking – stoves  Drying clothes – clothes dryers  Other household appliances

1. Geologist find source near oil deposits 2. Wells are drilled and pump out gas 3. Cleaned in a processing plant 4. Odor (like rotten eggs) is added to gas 5. Gas is compressed 6. Finally, some is stored for later use and the rest goes to people’s homes through pipes

How Natural Gas Gets To You  Pumped out of the ground using oil wells  Then transported in Pressurized pipelines to a natural gas facility.  At the facility they remove unneeded materials and liquids  Propane, ethane, water, etc.  Gas continues through pipelines  Compressor stations to maintain pressure  Can be stored underground in old wells  For later use  Distributed to customers through pipelines.

Measured in BTU= British Thermal Unit= amount of heat that can raise the temp of 1 pound of water 1 degree F

Natural Gas Advantages  Underground pipelines are safe, reliable and protected from the weather  Cleaner burning than other fossil fuels, like coal and oil. By using Natural Gas, the US has reduced Carbon Emissions (pollution) into the air by 7.7%= 84 Billion cars (since 2006)  Increased use can address several environmental concerns  Smog, acid rain, greenhouse gas emissions

Natural Gas Disadvantage s  Have about 100 years supply of natural gas left at current levels of pumping ( It takes a long time to create. So once we use it all up it is gone!)  When burning any fossil fuel it puts CO 2 into the atmosphere. (Increased levels of CO 2 causes Global Warming. )

What can you do?  If we continue to use Natural gas at the rate we are using it, we will run out!

 What is Global Warming?  Global warming computer game Global warming computer game Global warming computer game  Global Warming is the gradual increase of earth’s temperature.  Greenhouse gasses like CO2 enters the atmosphere and traps heat around the earth.

 Why is Global Warming bad?  video and info site video and info site  An increase in Earth’s temperature can cause the polar icecaps to melt.  Changes weather patterns: Floods, hurricanes, tornados, effects some biotic factors natural timing.

 1. Take shorter showers (less heat is used)  2. Install High Efficiency Fixtures in your home  3. Heat your home only when necessary (keep it at about 68 °F)  4. Switch to electric appliances  5. Only wash with full loads (laundry and dishes)

 Energy is the ability to do work or to produce change. We use energy to listen to music, watch TV, play video games, even our bodies use energy.

 Our bodies need energy to do things like move, digest food, regulate our body temperature.  Plants need energy from the sun to make their own food during photosynthesis.  Volcanoes need energy to erupt.

 Potential Energy  Kinetic Energy  Chemical Energy  Elastic Energy  Nuclear Energy  Thermal Energy  Electric Energy = Electricity

Electricity is a type of energy you use to power appliances that plug into the wall or attached to a switch. Electricity consumption is measured in Kilowatt-Hour (kWh).

Electricity can be generated (made) by renewable and nonrenewable resources.

Oil Coal Natural Gas Nuclear

57% of your electricity comes from coal and natural gas! Remember to turn out the lights!!!

GREEN Energy Solar Energy Biomass Energy Hydropower Energy Geothermal Energy Wind Energy 44% 41% 4% 7% Southern California’s Edison’s renewable energy breakdown. % of total renewable energy produced. What are the two most common renewable natural resources used to produce our electricity?

 Wind power captures the energy in wind to produce electricity

 Have been around since the 7 th century  Used to grind and pump in a circular motion.

 Turbines produce electricity.  16,000 turbines in California  5,000 turbines in Tahachapi; 75miles north of Los Angeles

 Flat, but elevated  Wind increases with height!  Average 10 mph for the year

 Which state has the most wind turbines and why?  Oregon  Iowa  California  Texas  Illinois

 harnesses the energy from the sun to produce electricity GREEN Energy

 Panel traps sunlight  Is converted to electricity  Can power your home!

 Federal, city and state rebates  $5,000-10,000 to install  Sell extra power back to electric company!

 uses water to generate electricity

 Uses heat from the earth’s core to produce electricity.

 Is organic material that is burned to heat water in boilers, which produce steam and spin a turbine to create electricity.

 The state of California mandates that by 2020, 30% of all electricity must come from renewable resources.  Problems with Our Dependence on Fossil Fuel Problems with Our Dependence on Fossil Fuel Is this Really Enough?

energy hog site

How can we reduce the use of non-renewable resources?

What can YOU do to conserve energy??