Absolutism Chapter 16. Russia Peter the Great- took over as tsar and began the greatness of Russia –Took throne in 10 yr. old –1689 took control.

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Presentation transcript:

Absolutism Chapter 16

Russia Peter the Great- took over as tsar and began the greatness of Russia –Took throne in 10 yr. old –1689 took control of the gov't –Uneducated but curious

Journey West Walked the streets of Europe Learned anatomy from a doctor Visited factories Learned how to pull teeth from a dentist Brought back soldiers, teachers, and technical experts

Terms Westernization - adoption of Western ideas, technology and culture Autocratic - unlimited authority

Peters Goals Strengthen the Military Expand Russian Borders Centralize royal Power

Actions taken by Peter All Russian institutions and church under his control Boyars - landowning nobles Forced people to shave and change the way they dressed Ended female seclusion with balls

Actions taken by Peter (cont.) Increased serfdom Imported technology Improved education Encouraged exports and industry Executed all that were against him

Expanding Borders Warm water port- unfrozen port –Tried taking Black Sea from Ottoman Empire but failed Great Northern War –Russia vs. Sweden –Losses at first then finally is victorious

St. Petersburg city built on the Baltic coast in the swampy area Serfs forced to drain the swamps Italians invited to design the city Forced China to sign a treaty for land

Legacy of Peter (died in 1725) Expanded Russian territory Created a mighty army Set up ports and increased the economy

Succession Peter had no heir and didnt appoint one –Power struggle occurs in the Romanov family –Catherine the Great - German princess that married the Russian heir to the throne Learned Russian, converted to Orthodox, and gained the loyalty of the people Tsar Peter III is murdered by army officers She gets throne

Catherine the Great Improved education Codified laws Encouraged French language and customs Wrote histories and plays

Ruthless Catherine Exempted boyars from taxes Allowed them to be ruthless to serfs takes Black Sea from the Ottomans

Russian Establishment Catherine, Frederick II, and Joseph II Meet and agree to partition Poland Partition - split up Catherine makes Russian a top power in the World