Colonial History Colony: Group of people in a new land who are ruled by the government of their native land Settler Types: Seekers of religious freedom/separation Seekers of wealth Seekers of expanded trade Colony Locations (east coast) New England (north) Mid-Atlantic Southern Type of Government for Colonies: Default government: Monarchy (varying types) Time of Settlements: Massachusetts New Hampshire Connecticut—1636 Rhode Island—1636 New York—1624 Delaware-1638 New Jersey—1664 Pennsylvania—1682 Virginia—1607 Maryland—1632 Carolinas—1663 Georgia--1732

Colonial History The 3 types of Colonies have exceptionally differing geography causing certain patterns to arise which will affect future American History: New England: cold winters; short growing season; rough terrain (great resources for building though) Southern: mild winters; long growing season; limited building resources Mid-Atlantic: a little of both Triangular Trade Begins Early: Trade with Africa/west Indies begins almost at inception of colonies (ie: slavery for products, etc)

Rum Guns Gunpowder Cloth Tools Enslaved Africans Sugar Molasses New England West Africa West Indies Livestock Lumber Flour Fish Triangular Trade

Colonial History Don’t Forget about the French (or Spanish) France colonizes almost all of Canada and N. America west of the Appalachian mountains Spain owns almost all of central and South America, but also Florida, and western US (From western Texas to California) What do the Natives Do? They (of course) don’t want to give up their land to any of the colonizers, but sooner or later they were going to have to take sides. So, the French started making alliances with them– in order to try and take land away from the English colonies. Then came war: FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR ( ) The French and Indians fought the English– the French lost MOST of their eastern Canadian territory and some of their American territory (see LAST OF THE MOHICANS– which was a book written after the war by James Fenimore Cooper)

Road To Revolution Key Terms: Salutary Neglect “Taxation without Representation” “unalienable rights” Embargo Quartering Boycott

Road to Revolution Problems Begin– (British Parliament begins passing laws Proclamation of 1763 (closing western lands to further settlement) Sugar Act (1764) New tax on Molasses Stamp Act (1765) taxed all documents; contracts; paper goods (items had to carry a stamp saying tax was paid) Townsend Acts (1767) taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea (and allowed officers to inspect ships without giving a reason) Tea Act (1773) allowed exporter to sell directly to colonists –thus cutting out the “tea merchants”

Road to Revolution The Breakdown of Trouble: Britain makes colonists pay new taxes Colonists protest taxes and boycott British goods Boston Massacre causes Anti-British feelings (1770) Britain repeals most taxes, but leaves tax on tea Boston Tea Party shows colonists’ anger (1773) Parliament passes “Intolerable Acts” (1773) First Continental Congress supports Massachusetts Fighting begins at Lexington and Concord (1775)

Road to Revolution Intolerable Acts: Britain shut down the port of Boston (no ship could enter or leave– not even a small boat) Parliament forbade Massachusetts colonists to hold town meetings more than once a year w/o governor's permission. Custom’s officials and other officers charged with major crimes could be tried in Britain and not in the colonies. Quartering Act: British commanders could force citizens to house troops in their homes.