Chapter 8
Medieval monarchs – Royal authority – nobles – churchmen Power struggle Form the framework for Nation-States Modern day countries
’s the Anglo- Saxons conquer Britain Known as England Would fend off Viking attacks 1066 King Edward dies No heir Brother in law Harold to rule
Claimed the English throne Raised an army and conquer England Battle of Hastings Anglo-Saxon population would survive
William had a complete census taken “Domesday Book” Listed every castle, field, and pigpen in England
1154 – Henry II Creates English common law ▪ Legal system based on custom and court rulings Creates jury system ▪ Group of men sworn to speak the truth
Consistently clashed with the church Archbishop of Canterbury – Thomas Becket Brutally murdered after he opposed Henry
Son of Henry II Lost lands in France Opposed Pope Innocent III on bishop nominations Interdict John gives in
King John angered his own nobles w/ taxes Forced to sign the Magna Carta “Great Charter”
Nobles had rights Extended to all English citizens Monarch must obey laws Protected freemen from arbitrary arrest, imprisonment, and other legal actions Due process of law Habeas Corpus No person can be held in prison without being charged with a crime No new taxes without consulting his Great Council of Lords No taxation without representation?
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