Early Humans Chapter 1, Section 1 Vocabulary historian archaeologist artifact fossil anthropologist nomad technology domesticate specialization

Early Humans—Tools of Discovery __________ is the story of humans in the past. Historians—________________________________. We know about the past from things people left behind. Archaeologists—_____________________________. Anthropologists—_____________________________. Both look for artifacts and fossils to tell us about the past (pg 9). Artifacts—________________________________________. Fossils—_________________________________________. Historians call early period of human history the Stone Age (called this b/c people used stone to make tools/weapons).

Fossils or Artifacts

Archaeological Dig Sites

Early Humans Earliest period of Old Stone Age was the __________ period. Began about 2.5 million yrs ago & lasted until about 8000 B.C. Paleolithic people were _________ b/c they hunted and gathered and constantly moved around. Nomads—_________________________________. Men and Women had different roles: Women—cared for children & gathered berries, nuts, and grains. Men—hunted animals using clubs, spears, traps, and bows & arrows.

Early Humans Paleolithic people adapted to their ___________. Warm climates: wore little clothing and not much need for shelter. Cold climates: used caves for shelter and over time learned to use animal hides and wooden poles to create shelters. Paleolithic people discovered ______. Fire kept them warm, provided light, and helped cook food. Needed fire to survive ________. Ice Age = long periods of extreme cold. Paleolithic people also developed spoken _________. (This made it easier to work together and pass on knowledge. ) Also expressed themselves not in words, but _____.

Early Humans Crushed yellow, black, & red to make powders. Painted pics of lions, oxens, panthers, & other animals on cave walls. (These may have had religious meaning) Paleolithic people were first to use ___________. Technology—_______________ _________________________. Created tools like spears and axes using a hard stone called flint. Over time, they started creating sharper tools like fishhooks and needles made from animal bones.

Early Humans—Neolithic Times After last Ice Age, people began to __________. Known as the Neolithic Age or _________________. Domesticate—______________________________. Domesticated animals carried goods and provided meat, milk, and wool. About the same time, people in different regions of the world began to grow crops. Historians call this the _____________________. Revolution—_____________________________________. Villages started forming b/c farmers had to stay close to their fields. These started forming near rivers and bodies of water.

Early Humans--Neolithic One of oldest villages is ____________ in present day Israel and Jordan. Another is ________________ in present day Turkey. Permanent villages provided people w/more security and steady food. Surplus of food led to larger populations. Not all were farmers: Some started making pottery, mats, and cloth. Started trading these goods to get things they didn’t have. People practiced ______________________. Late Neolithic times, continued to make advances: Created better farming tools. Began working with metal, copper, and tin. Started to work with ____________ b/c it was harder and longer lasting.

Paleolithic vs. Neolithic Paleolithic Age Neolithic Age Description of Art and Crafts How Humans Obtained Food How Humans Adapted Work of Women and Men